粉末法制备聚酰亚胺泡沫及其性能研究  

Preparation of polyimide foams by powder method and their properties

作　　者：贾佳林 孙云龙 周华锋[1] 臧淑艳[1] 聂赫然 Jia Jialin;Sun Yunlong;Zhou Huafeng;Zang Shuyan;Nie Heran(College of Science,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142;Division of Energy Materials(DNL2204),Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dalian,116021)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学理学院,沈阳110142 [2]中国科学院大连化学物理研究所能源材料研究部,大连116021

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2025年第3期88-91,共4页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC52203018);中国博士后科学基金(2021M693114);江苏省重点研发计划(BE2022054-4);辽宁省振兴人才计划(XLYC2008022)。

摘　　要：以2,2′-双(3,4-二羧酸)六氟丙烷二酐(6FDA)、3,3′,4,4′-二苯酮四酸二酐(BTDA)、3,4′-二氨基二苯醚(3,4′-ODA)和1,3-双(4′-氨基苯氧基)苯(TPE-R)为单体,采用粉末热发泡法制备了一系列聚酰亚胺泡沫(PIFs)。探究了含氟二酐和不同链长的二胺单体对于PIFs泡孔结构和综合性能的影响。对PIFs的化学结构、微观形貌、热性能、隔热性能和表面润湿性进行了表征与测试。结果表明,制备的PIFs均具有良好的耐热性能(T_(g)>250℃),在空气气氛下,5%热分解温度大于500℃。其中,PIF_(BTDA-3,4′-ODA)的导热系低至0.028W/(m·k),展现出了优异的隔热性能。所有PIFs的水接触角均大于105°,具有良好的疏水性。引入含氟二酐可以有效增强PIFs的耐热性和疏水性。PIF_(6FDA-3,4′-ODA)的T_(g)大于270℃,水接触角高达146.6°。A series of polyimide foams(PIFs)were prepared using powder thermal foaming method with 2,2′-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride(6FDA),3,3′,4,4′-benzophenone-tetracarboxylic dianhydride(BTDA),3,4′-Oxydianiline(3,4′-ODA)and 1,3-Bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene(TPE-R)as monomers.The effects of fluorine-containing dianhydride and diamine monomers with different chain lengths on the form structure and comprehensive properties of PIFs were investigated.The chemical structure,micro-morphology,thermal properties,thermal insulation and surface wettability of PIFs were characterized and tested.The results showed that the prepared PIFs had good thermal insulation property(T_g>250℃),and 5%thermal decomposition temperature was greater than 500℃in air atmosphere.Among them,the thermal conductivity of PIF_(BTDA-3,4′-ODA)was as low as 0.028W/(m·k),demonstrating excellent thermal insulation properties.All PIFs had good hydrophobicity,with water contact angles higher than 105°.The introduction of fluorinated dianhydride could effectively enhance the heat resistance and hydrophobicity of PIFs.PIF_(6FDA-3,4′-ODA)had a T_(g)greater than 270℃and a water contact angle as high as 146.6°.

关 键 词：聚酰亚胺泡沫 高耐热性 隔热 疏水性 

分 类 号：TQ328.9[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]