椰子纤维制备多孔炭材料用于钾离子电池阳极的研究  

Research on porous carbon materials prepared from coconut fiber for potassium-ion battery anodes

作　　者：张翼飞 张博 王艺谭 李国毓 Yifei;Zhang Bo;Wang Yitan;Li Guoyu(Liaoning Provincial key Laboratory for Synthesis and Preparation of Special Functional Materials,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学辽宁省特种功能材料合成与制备重点实验室,沈阳110142 [2]沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳110142

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2025年第3期163-169,共7页New Chemical Materials

摘　　要：近年来,围绕钾离子电池的研究主要集中在寻找具有特定晶体结构且适合钾离子脱嵌的电极材料,并进一步揭示其反应机理。利用椰子纤维废料作为廉价的碳前驱体,通过水热处理和一步碳化制备了多孔结构的椰子纤维硬碳材料(CDC),并对CDC的结构、电池性能、电化学性能等进行了详细表征。结果表明:CDC表现出分级的微孔、介孔和大孔结构,层间距约为0.41nm。作为钾离子电池阳极,CDC在0.2C的电流密度下呈现出227.7mA·h/g的高放电比容量。通过循环伏安(CV)测试对CDC的反应动力学进行表征,CDC的电荷存储主要是扩散行为控制,具有良好的电化学性能。CDC材料来源广泛、绿色环保,作为钾离子电池阳极时具有独特的微观结构,容量表现优秀,在大规模储能等方面具有很大的潜力。该制备方法为低成本、高效的钾离子电池阳极材料的开发提供了有利参考。Recently,the research around potassium-ion battery is mainly focused on seeking electrode materials with specific crystal structure and suitable for potassium-ion deintercalation,and furtherly revealing the reaction mechanism.The coconut fiber hard carbon materials with porous structure(CDC) were prepared by hydrothermal treatment and one-step carbonization using coconut fiber waste as an inexpensive carbon precursor.The structure,battery performance,and electrochemical properties of the CDC were characterized in detail.The results showed that CDC exhibited a graded microporous,mesoporous,and macroporous structure with a layer spacing of approximately 0.41nm.As an anode of potassium-ion batteries,CDC delivered a high discharge specific capacity of 227.7mA·h/g at a current density of 0.2C.The reaction kinetics of CDC were characterized by CV test,and the charge storage of CDC was mainly controlled by diffusion behavior and had good electrochemical performance.The CDC had a wide range of sources,was environmentally friendly,had a unique microstructure and excellent capacity performance as an anode of potassium-ion batteries,and had great potential in large-scale energy storage,providing a favorable reference for the development of low-cost and high-efficiency anode materials for potassium-ion batteries.

关 键 词：椰子纤维废料 硬碳材料 多孔结构 钾离子电池 绿色环保 

分 类 号：TM911.14[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]