开敞及碎冰水域船舶水动力数值预报研究  

Numerical prediction of ship hydrodynamics in open and broken ice water areas

作　　者：张金龙 张佳宁 李志富 石玉云 ZHANG Jinlong;ZHANG Jianing;LI Zhifu;SHI Yuyun(School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China;State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212001,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学船舶与海洋工程学院,辽宁大连116026 [2]大连理工大学海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024 [3]江苏科技大学船舶与海洋工程学院,江苏镇江212001

出　　处：《舰船科学技术》2025年第4期51-58,共8页Ship Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52101315,52071162,51879123);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20231345)。

摘　　要：为了掌握冰水混合环境中航行船舶的载荷特性,选用带有舵的KCS船体模型。基于RANS方程数值求解的方法,预报不同网格下船模阻力的大小,验证数值计算的准确性。然后通过离散元法对冰水阻力数值计算,分析船舶-流体-碎冰间耦合特性,确定3个方向上冰载荷的变化规律。分析冰水阻力、冲量、碎冰能量与航速、碎冰尺寸、密集度之间的关系,对比开敞水域和碎冰水域中波面起伏的变化情况。研究表明,数值仿真结果与试验值偏差在0.5%~2.6%之间。碎冰水域较开敞水域波面起伏更小,船模尾部波高大于艏部。冲量、冰水阻力、碎冰能量均随航速、碎冰尺寸、密集度的增大而增大。To understand the load characteristics of ships navigating in ice-water mixed environments,a KCS ship model with a rudder was chosen.Using the numerical solution method based on the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)equations,the impact of different grid sizes on ship resistance was predicted to validate the accuracy of numerical calculations.Subsequently,the discrete element method was employed for numerical computation of ice-water loads,analyz-ing the coupling characteristics between the ship,fluid,and broken ice,and establishing the variation patterns of ice loads in three directions.The relationship between ice-water loads,impulse,broken ice energy,and ship speed,broken ice size,and density was analyzed.A comparison of wave surface fluctuations in open water and ice-infested waters was conducted.The study revealed that the deviation between numerical simulation results and experimental values ranged from 0.5%to 2.6%,with the Realizable k-8 turbulence model producing results closer to the experimental values.In ice-infested waters,the fluctuation of wave surfaces was smaller compared to open water,and the wave height at the stern of the ship model was greater than that at the bow.Impulse,ice-water loads,and broken ice energy all increase with the increase of ship speed,broken ice size,and concentration.

关 键 词：离散元 密集度 碎冰尺寸 阻力预报 水动力 

分 类 号：U661[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]