柔性保温日光温室光环境分布特征及改善措施  

Distribution characteristics and improvement measures of light environment of flexible thermal insulation solar greenhouse

作　　者：张志远 朱寅宾 郭宇博 李鹏 程杰宇[1,2] 赵淑梅 孙桂芝[3] 魏珉 ZHANG Zhiyuan;ZHU Yinbin;GUO Yubo;LI Peng;CHENG Jieyu;ZHAO Shumei;SUN Jiazhi;WEI Min(College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100083,China;Shunyi District Agricultural Technology Integrated Service Center of Beijing Municipality,Beijing 100083,China;College of Horticultural Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083 [2]农业部设施农业工程重点实验室,北京100083 [3]北京市顺义区农业技术综合服务中心,北京100083 [4]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2025年第3期197-205,共9页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U20A2020);现代农业产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目(BAIC01-2024)。

摘　　要：针对柔性保温日光温室因其独特的构造形式和材质导致北侧存在弱光区域的问题,在春季不同天气条件下,采用理论分析和试验测试的方法分析柔性保温日光温室北侧弱光原因;通过增加温室前屋面覆盖薄膜雾度和在后墙增设反光膜2种措施对柔性保温日光温室光环境进行改善。结果表明:1)柔性保温日光温室距北墙2.5和1.5 m处的日累积光量(DLI)仅为南侧测点(11.5 m处)18.78%~21.42%和12.93%~14.11%,南北分布极为不均,北侧弱光现象突出,主要原因为屋顶保温被遮光;2)将温室薄膜雾度从24.29%提升至43.94%,距北墙2.5和1.5 m处的DLI分别提升至南侧测点(11.5 m处)的27.63%~70.43%和23.02%~5.38%,表明提高薄膜雾度可以在一定程度上缓解温室北侧的弱光问题,增加北侧光量,减少南北光照的差异性;3)北墙面在增设反光膜后距北墙2.5及1.5 m处的光环境得到进一步改善,DLI分别提升至南侧测点(11.5 m处)的47.42%~77.95%以及33.74%~70.82%。散射光薄膜与北墙反光膜组合使用,可基本上解决柔性保温日光温室北侧弱光问题,其中,无论是散射光薄膜还是反光膜,晴天条件下对柔性保温日光温室北侧都有显著的增光效果。Because of the problem that there is a weak light area on the north side of the flexible thermal insulation solar greenhouse due to its unique structure and material,the reasons for the low light on the north side of the flexible thermal insulation solar greenhouse were analyzed by theoretical analysis and experimental testing methods under different weather conditions in spring.The light environment of the flexible thermal insulation solar greenhouse was improved by increasing the haze of the film covering film in front of the greenhouse and adding reflective film on the back wall.The results showed that:1)The DLIs at 2.5 and 1.5 m from the north wall of the flexible thermal insulation solar greenhouse were only 18.78%−21.42%and 12.93%−14.11%of the south measurement point(11.5 m).The distribution was extremely uneven in the north and south,and the weak light phenomenon on the north side was prominent,which was mainly due to the shading of the roof insulation.2)The haze of the greenhouse film was increased from 24.29%to 43.94%,and the DLIs at 2.5 and 1.5 m from the north wall were increased from 27.63%to 70.43%and 23.02%to 35.38%at the south measurement point(11.5 m),respectively,indicating that increasing the haze of the film could alleviate the problem of weak light on the north side of the greenhouse to a certain extent.It increased the amount of light on the north side;and reduced the difference between north and south illumination.3)The light environment of the north wall at 2.5 and 1.5 m away from the north wall was further improved after the addition of reflective film,and the DLIs was increased from 47.42%to 77.95%and 33.74%to 70.82%of the south measuring point(11.5 m),respectively.In conclusion,the combination of the scattered light film and the north wall reflective film can basically solve the problem of weak light on the north side of the flexible thermal insulation solar greenhouse.Both the scattered light film and the reflective film have a significant brightening effect on the north side of the

关 键 词：柔性保温日光温室 散射光 雾度 薄膜 反光膜 

分 类 号：S625.2[农业科学—园艺学] S625.3