轮作模式对烤烟品质及土壤理化性状和微生物群落的影响  

Effects of Crop Rotation Patterns on Flue-cured Tobacco Quality,Soil Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Communities

作　　者：赵国明[1] 李娟[1] 户艳霞[1] 蒲婷婷 李朝海 杨永艳 ZHAO Guoming;LI Juan;HU Yanxia;PU Tingting;LI Chaohai;YANG Yongyan(Dali Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company,Dali Yunnan 671000;College of Pharmacy,Dali University,Dali Yunnan 671000;Eryuan Branch of Dali Tobacco Company,Eryuan Yunnan 671200)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司大理州公司,云南大理671000 [2]大理大学药学院,云南大理671000 [3]大理州烟草公司洱源县分公司,云南洱源671200

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2025年第5期49-56,共8页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：云南省烟草科技项目(202153000024202)。

摘　　要：为探究轮作模式对烤烟产量、质量以及植烟土壤理化性状和微生物群落的影响,以烤烟品种红花大金元为材料,设置水稻—烤烟、油菜—烤烟和蚕豆—烤烟3种轮作模式,开展了田间试验,调查了不同轮作模式对烤烟农艺性状、产量、质量及土壤理化性状的影响,同时使用高通量测序技术对烤烟根际土壤样品的微生物进行了测序分析。结果表明:水稻—烤烟轮作模式下烤烟株高、茎围、最大叶面积等农艺性状表现较优,烟叶性状较优且化学成分含量较为适宜,中上等烟叶比例最高;同时降低了土壤的pH值,提高了土壤有机质、有效磷、速效钾、总氮含量,并对土壤微生物群落有一定的影响。综合考虑烤烟农艺性状、产量、品质及土壤理化性状、微生物群落变化等因素,以水稻—烤烟轮作模式在烟叶生产中的优势较为明显,可在大理地区进一步推广应用。In order to investigate the effects of crop rotation patterns on the yield,quality of flue-cured tobacco,as well as the physicochemical properties and microbial communities of tobacco-growing soil,field experiments were conducted using the flue-cured tobacco variety Honghua Dajinyuan.Three crop rotation patterns(rice-tobacco,rapeseed-tobacco,and broad bean-tobacco)were established.The effects of these rotation patterns on the agronomic traits,yield,quality of flue-cured tobacco,and soil physicochemical properties were investigated.Additionally,high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil samples of flue-cured tobacco.The results showed that the rice-tobacco rotation pattern resulted in superior agronomic traits such as plant height,stem circumference,and maximum leaf area,the tobacco leaves exhibited superior traits and had more suitable chemical component contents,with the highest proportion of tobacco leaves in medium and high grade.Meanwhile,this rotation pattern reduced soil pH,increased the contents of soil organic matter,available phosphorus,available potassium,and total nitrogen,and had a certain effect on soil microbial communities.Considering factors such as agronomic traits,yield,quality of flue-cured tobacco,soil physicochemical properties,and changes in microbial communities,the rice-tobacco rotation pattern demonstrated significant advantages in tobacco leaf production and can be further promoted and applied in the Dali region.

关 键 词：烤烟 轮作模式 性状 产量 质量 土壤理化性状 土壤微生物群落 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S153[农业科学—作物学] S154.3