成分血液制备报废原因及应对措施分析  

Analysis of reasons and response measures for scrap of preparation of component blood and response measures

作　　者：王惟[1] 柴婷婷[1] 焦立新[1] WANG Wei;CHAI Tingting;JIAO Lixin(Department of Component Preparation,Changchun Central Blood Station,Jilin Province,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]长春市中心血站成分科,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2025年第4期124-127,共4页China Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2021—2023年成分血制备过程中血液报废情况及原因,了解引发报废主要因素,为成分制备工作持续改进、探讨有效的预防措施。方法通过长春市中心血站管理信息系统(唐山启奥科技SHINOW9.0系统)对2021—2023年制备的全血、成分血,并对成分制备过程引起报废标识的全血及成分血,按照不同年份、血液品种、类别、发生环节、报废原因(耗材、操作、设备)进行统计。结果2021—2023年总制备量分别为307100、212877、286096袋,标识总报废量(全血、红细胞、血浆)分别为266、178、279袋。三年标识血液总报废率0.0896%,标识年报废率最高为0.0975%,最低为0.0836%。标识红细胞类三年总报废率0.0171%,标识年报废率最高为0.0217%,最低为0.0154%;标识血浆类三年总报废率为0.1455%,最高为0.1591%,最低为0.1310%。其中标识色泽异常占比最高,为71.95%,其次是破损,为22.47%。血液破损在分离环节占比最高,为22.97%,其次是搬运环节,为17.70%。耗材原因导致破损占比最高,为55.02%;其次是操作原因(人为因素),占比为29.67%,主要分布在离心、分离、接驳、热合、搬运、过滤环节,其中搬运环节占比最高,为12.92%,其次是接驳环节,占比为7.66%。结论血液制备过程中每一个环节均可能引起血液的报废,加强对各环节的管理,减少血液浪费,保障血液质量。Objective To analyze the situation and causes of blood scrapping during the preparation of component blood from 2021 to 2023,to understand the main factors leading to scrapping,to continuously improve the preparation of components,and to explore effective preventive measures.Methods The whole blood and component blood prepared from 2021 to 2023 were analyzed through the management information system of Changchun Central Blood Station(SHINOW9.0 system of Tangshan Qiao Technology),and the whole blood and component blood caused by the process of component preparation were analyzed according to different years,blood varieties,categories,occurrence stages,and scrap reasons(consumables,operations,and equipment).Results From 2021 to 2023,the total preparation quantity was 307100 bags,212877 bags and 286096 bags,respectively,and the marked total scrap quantity(whole blood,red blood cells and plasma)was 266,178 bags and 279 bags,respectively.The three-year total scrap rate of labeled blood was 0.0896%,with the highest and lowest annual scrap rate being 0.0975%and 0.0836%.The three-year total scrap rate of red blood cells was 0.0171%,and the annual scrap rate was 0.0217%and 0.0154%respectively.The three-year total scrap rate of plasma was 0.1455%,the highest was 0.1591%,and the lowest was 0.1310%.Among them,abnormal sign color accounted for the highest proportion,71.95%,followed by damage,22.47%.The proportion of blood damage in the separation link is the highest,22.97%,followed by the handling link,17.70%.The damage caused by consumables accounted for 55.02%.Followed by operational reasons(human factors),accounting for 29.67%,mainly distributed in the centrifugal,separation,connection,heat bonding,handling,filtration links,of which the handling link accounted for the highest proportion of 12.92%,followed by the connection link,accounting for 7.66%.Conclusion Every link in the process of blood preparation may cause blood scrap,strengthen the management of all links,reduce blood waste,and ensure blood quality.

关 键 词：血液成分制备 原因分析 应对措施 血液质量 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]