DR在尘肺检查与诊断中的应用价值探讨  

Exploration of the application value of DR in the examination and diagnosis of pneumoconiosis

作　　者：刘绪玲 LIU Xu-ling(Huainan Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Institute,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省淮南市职业病防治所,232001

出　　处：《中国现代药物应用》2025年第4期70-73,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Drug Application

摘　　要：目的探讨数字化X线摄影(DR)对尘肺患者的检查与诊断价值。方法采用回顾分析法,选取疑似尘肺患者57例为研究对象,分别进行DR检查和高千伏X线摄影(HKV)检查。以临床、肺功能等综合检查为诊断金标准,比较两种检查方法的诊断效能、对不同分期尘肺的检出准确率及胸片优片率,并结合典型案例分析胸片影像特征。结果以临床、肺功能等综合检查为金标准,57例患者确诊尘肺阳性43例(75.44%)、阴性14例(24.56%)。DR确诊真阳性42例、真阴性12例,HKV确诊真阳性39例、真阴性6例。经计算,DR诊断尘肺的灵敏度为97.67%(42/43),特异度为85.71%(12/14),诊断符合率为94.74%(54/57);HKV诊断尘肺的灵敏度为90.70%(39/43),特异度为42.86%(6/14),诊断符合率为78.95%(45/57)。DR诊断尘肺的特异度及符合率均高于HKV,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。43例尘肺患者中Ⅰ期27例、Ⅱ期12例、Ⅲ期4例。其中DR对不同分期尘肺的检出准确率97.67%高于HKV的81.40%(P<0.05)。43例尘肺患者经DR检查的优片率为95.35%,高于HKV的79.07%(P<0.05)。相较于HKV胸片,DR胸片对双肺纹理展示更清晰,尤其能显示肺部的微小结构和病变,胸壁和膈面的成像光滑锐利,膈穹窿处可见重叠的肺纹理,气管和分叉处显示清晰。结论DR对尘肺的检查诊断效能优于HKV,能明确不同分期,提高胸片质量,为后续治疗提供更加准确完整的信息,值得推广。Objective To explore the value of digital radiography(DR)in the examination and diagnosis of pneumoconiosis.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted to select 57 suspected pneumoconiosis patients.DR examination and high kvphotography(HKV)examination were performed successively.The diagnostic efficacy of the two examination methods was compared using clinical and pulmonary function tests as the gold standard;the accuracy of detecting pneumoconiosis in different stages and the excellent film rate were compared between the two methods,and the features of chest radiograph were analyzed in combination with typical cases.Results Using clinical and pulmonary function tests as the gold standard,43(75.44%)out of 57 patients were diagnosed with positive pneumoconiosis and 14 cases(24.56%)were diagnosed with negative pneumoconiosis.42 cases were confirmed as true positive and 12 cases were true negative for DR;39 cases were confirmed as true positive and 6 cases were true negative for HKV;the sensitivity,specificity and diagnostic compliance rate of DR in the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis were 97.67%(42/43),85.71%(12/14)and 94.74%(54/57);the sensitivity,specificity and diagnostic compliance rate of HKV in the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis were 90.70%(39/43),42.86%(6/14)and 78.95%(45/57).The specificity and compliance rate of DR in the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis were higher than those of HKV,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The staging of 43 patients with pneumoconiosis was stageⅠin 27 cases,stageⅡin 12 cases,and stageⅢin 4 cases.The detection accuracy of DR for different stages of pneumoconiosis was 97.67%,which was higher than 81.40%of HKV(P<0.05).The excellent film rate of DR was 95.35%,which was higher than 79.07%of HKV(P<0.05).Compared to HKV chest X-rays,DR chest X-rays provided clearer display of bilateral lung textures,especially the microscopic structures and lesions of the lungs.The imaging of the chest wall and diaphragm was smooth and sharp,with overlapping lung textures visible a

关 键 词：尘肺 数字化X线摄影 高千伏X线摄影 优片率 影像特征 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R816.41[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]