老年体检者冠心病检出情况及其影响因素分析  

Detection condition of coronary heart disease and its influencing factors in elderly examinees

作　　者：田小芍 李华[1] 陈宏 李涛 吴美豪 张子良 张优 Tian Xiaoshao;Li Hua;Chen Hong;Li Tao;Wu Meihao;Zhang Ziliang;Zhang You(Nanyang Central Hospital,Nanyang 473000,Henan,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南阳市中心医院,河南南阳473000 [2]阜外华中心血管病医院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《临床心身疾病杂志》2025年第2期121-125,共5页Journal of Clinical Psychosomatic Diseases

基　　金：国家重点研发计划主动健康和老龄化科技应对重点专项项目(编号2022YFC2010000)

摘　　要：目的调查老年体检者冠心病(CHD)检出情况及其影响因素。方法将108名老年体检者根据冠状动脉CT血管造影(CCTA)检查的冠状动脉狭窄程度结果分为正常组(n=32)和研究组(n=76)。收集两组体检者一般资料、生化指标以及正念心理特质水平[正念注意觉知量表(MAAS)评分]、负性情绪[汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表(DASS-21)评分]。采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析探讨老年体检者CHD检出的影响因素。结果研究组体检者在男性、合并高血压、合并糖尿病、合并血脂异常、抽烟、饮酒等方面占比均高于正常组(P<0.05或0.01);研究组体检者MAAS评分低于正常组,HAMA、DASS-21评分高于正常组(P<0.01)。男性、合并高血压、合并糖尿病、抽烟、饮酒及DASS-21评分均是老年体检者CHD检出情况的危险因素,MAAS评分则是老年体检者CHD检出情况的保护因素(P<0.05或0.01)。老年体检者CACS评分与MAAS评分呈负相关,与HAMA、DASS-21评分呈正相关(P<0.05或0.01)。结论老年体检者CHD检出率较高,且影响因素较多。临床实践中,应该对此类人群积极开展正念训练,并改善其焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪,尽可能降低心血管不良事件发生率。Objective To investigate the detection condition of coronary heart disease(CHD)and its influencing factors in elderly examinees.Methods A total of 108 elderly examinees were divided into normal(n=32)and research(n=76)group according to the coronary artery stenosis results examined by coronary computed tomography angiography(CCTA).Such indexes of both groups were collected as general data,biochemical indicators,psychological traits of mindfulness(Mindful Attention Awareness Scale[MAAS]scores),and negative emotions(Hamilton Anxiety Scale[HAMA]and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21[DASS-21]score).Single factor analysis and multi-factor Logistic regression analysis were used to explore factors influencing the detection of CHD in elderly examinees.Results The proportion of male,combined hypertension,combined diabetes,combined dyslipidemia,smoking,and drinking was higher in research group than normal(P<0.05 or 0.01).MAAS scores were lower and HAMA and DASS-21 higher in research group than normal(P<0.01).Male,combined hypertension,combined diabetes,smoking,drinking,and DASS-21 score were risk factors for CHD detection and MAAS was protective factor in elderly examinees(P<0.05 or 0.01).The coronary artery calcification score was negatively correlated with MAAS and positively with HAMA and DASS-21 in elderly examinees(P<0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion The detection rate of CHD is higher in elderly examinees and influencing factors are more.In clinical practice,mindfulness training should be actively carried out for such people to improve their negative emotions of anxiety and depression and reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events as much as possible.

关 键 词：冠心病 老年人群 正念心理特质 焦虑 抑郁 

分 类 号：R541.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R395.6[医药卫生—内科学]