钢铁行业废水铊污染的治理对策研究  

Study on the treatment countermeasures of thallium pollution in steel industry wastewater

作　　者：刘芳 LIU Fang(Shandong Province Metallurgical Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省冶金设计院股份有限公司,济南250101

出　　处：《黑龙江环境通报》2025年第3期14-16,共3页Heilongjiang Environmental Journal

摘　　要：针对钢铁行业废水铊污染问题,我们探究了治理对策,主要包括物理方法、化学方法和生物方法。首先,我们收集了大量钢铁企业废水样本进行学术分析,发现铊含量远超标准限值,采用物理法的沉降法和絮凝法处理,能有效地将铊含量降低,但不能完全去除。随后,我们采用化学方法处理,通过氧化还原反应,使铊离子转化为不溶性物质,再通过沉淀分离这些不溶性物质,此方法对于铊对砷化铊更有效。最后,我们探讨了生物法处理,通过实验表明,细菌Metallibacterium scheffleri能将水溶性铊离子转化为固态铊,然后与废水中的硫氢根离子反应生成硫化铊沉淀。通过以上三种方法,铊的去除率可以达到约90%。这项研究为钢铁行业制定铊废水治理措施提供了科学依据,有利于推动该行业的环保工作向前发展。This study addresses the issue of thallium pollution in steel industry wastewater by exploring various treatment countermeasures,including physical,chemical,and biological methods.First,we collected numerous wastewater samples from steel enterprises for academic analysis and found that thallium concentrations significantly exceeded standard limits.Physical methods such as sedimentation and flocculation can effectively reduce thallium concentrations but do not completely eliminate them.Subsequently,we employed chemical methods,converting thallium ions into insoluble compounds through redox reactions and separating these compounds by precipitation.This method is particularly effective for thallium and thallium arsenide.Finally,we investigated biological treatment methods,demonstrating that the bacterium Metallibacterium scheffleri can convert water-soluble thallium ions into solid thallium,which then reacts with sulfide ions in the wastewater to form thallium sulfide precipitates.Using these three methods,the thallium removal rate can reach approximately 90%.This study provides a scientific basis for developing thallium wastewater treatment measures in the steel industry,contributing to the advancement of environmental protection efforts in the sector.

关 键 词：钢铁行业废水 铊污染治理 物理方法 化学方法 生物方法 

分 类 号：X757[环境科学与工程—环境工程]