健康宣教联合心理疏导对甲状腺结节细针穿刺活检阴性患者焦虑情绪的影响  

Effect of health education combined with psychological counseling on anxiety in patients with negative fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules

作　　者：张进[1] 李振苏[1] 孟竹达 ZHANG Jin;LI Zhensu;MENG Zhuda(Department of Thyroid Surgery,First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Shanxi Province,Taiyuan030001,China;Department of Thyroid Surgery,Changzhi People's Hospital,Shanxi Province,Changzhi046000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第一医院甲状腺外科,山西太原030001 [2]山西省长治市人民医院甲状腺外科,山西长治046000

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2025年第5期75-79,共5页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：山西省医学重点科研项目计划-引导性科技专项项目(2020XM57)。

摘　　要：目的探讨健康宣教联合心理疏导的干预方法对甲状腺结节细针穿刺活检阴性患者焦虑情绪、疾病感知、疾病心理社会适应的影响。方法选取2023年3月至12月山西医科大学第一医院84例甲状腺结节穿刺活检阴性患者作为研究对象,按就诊时间分为对照组(2023年3月至7月)和干预组(2023年8月至12月),每组42例。对照组采用常规随诊方法,干预组在对照组的基础上采用健康宣教联合心理疏导的方法。比较两组患者干预前后焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、疾病感知评分和疾病心理社会适应评分。结果干预后,干预组的SAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组简易版疾病感知问卷中认知维度、情绪维度、疾病理解维度评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组疾病心理社会适应量表中卫生保健维度、家庭关系维度、心理状况维度评分及总分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论健康宣教联合心理疏导的方案可改善甲状腺结节细针穿刺活检阴性患者焦虑情绪、降低疾病感知、提高疾病心理社会适应能力。Objective To explore the effect of health education combined with psychological counseling on anxiety,disease perception and psycho-social adaptation in patients with negative fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules.Methods A total of 84 patients with negative fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules in First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from March to December 2023 were selected as the study objects,and they were divided into control group(March to July 2023)and intervention group(August to December 2023)according to the time of visit,with 42 cases in each group.The control group took routine follow-up method,and the intervention group took health education combined with psychological counseling on the basis of the control group.The self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),disease perception score and psycho-social adaptation score were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.Results After intervention,the SAS score of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of cognitive dimension,emotional dimension and disease understanding dimension of brief illness perception questionaire in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores and total scores of health care dimension,family relationship dimension and psychological status dimension of self-report psychosocial adjustment to illness scale in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Health education combined with psychological counseling can improve anxiety,reduce disease perception and enhance psycho-social adaptability in patients with negative fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules.

关 键 词：甲状腺结节 细针穿刺活检阴性 焦虑 疾病感知 

分 类 号：R581[医药卫生—内分泌]