实习护士择业焦虑现状及其影响因素的分析  

Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of career selection anxiety of practice nurses

作　　者：吴俊 邹贯容 WU Jun;ZOU Guanrong(Department of Infectious Diseases,Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University,Fujian Province,Xiamen361004,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学附属中山医院感染性疾病科,福建厦门361004

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2025年第5期131-134,138,共5页China Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析实习护士择业焦虑现状及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2023年11月至2024年1月于厦门大学附属中山医院实习的154名实习护士为研究对象,调查一般资料情况,评估择业焦虑水平、职业决策自我效能、生涯适应力水平并分析其相关性,采用多元线性回归分析实习护士择业焦虑的影响因素。结果实习护士择业焦虑总分为(84.16±18.50)分。单因素分析结果显示,不同学业成绩、奖学金情况、生源地、班干部、生涯适应力、职业决策自我效能的实习护士择业焦虑水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,择业焦虑与职业决策自我效能(r=-0.461,P=0.034)、生涯适应力(r=-0.462,P=0.045)呈负相关,择业焦虑中自信心不足维度(r=-0.554,P<0.001)、就业竞争压力维度(r=-0.498,P=0.014)与生涯适应力呈负相关,自信心不足维度(r=-0.355,P=0.049)、担忧就业变量维度(r=-0.536,P=0.003)与职业决策自我效能呈负相关。多因素分析结果显示,生涯适应力(β=-0.249,B=-0.311,t=-2.682,95%CI:-0.512~-0.294)、职业决策自我效能(β=-0.581,B=-0.636,t=-5.920,95%CI:-0.802~-0.523)是择业焦虑的独立保护因素(P<0.05)。未拿过奖学金(β=0.201,B=0.286,t=2.851,95%CI:0.154~0.372)是择业焦虑的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论实习护士择业焦虑受生涯适应力、职业决策自我效能、是否当过班干部、农村生源地、学业成绩等因素影响,管理者应注意实习护士的择业焦虑现状,尤其需对以上情况的实习护士加以重视。Objective To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of career selection anxiety of practice nurses.Methods A total of 154 practice nurses who practiced in Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University from November 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the research objects by the convenient sampling method.The general information was investigated,the level of career selection anxiety,career decision-making self-efficacy and career adaptability were evaluated and their correlation was analyzed.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of career selection anxiety of practice nurses.Results The total score of career selection anxiety of practice nurses was(84.16±18.50)points.The results of single factor analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the level of career selection anxiety of practice nurses with different academic performance,scholarship,source of students,class cadre,career adaptability and career decision-making self-efficacy(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that career selection anxiety was negatively correlated with career decision-making self-efficacy(r=-0.461,P=0.034)and career adaptability(r=-0.462,P=0.045).Lack of self-confidence dimension(r=-0.554,P<0.001)and employment competition pressure dimension(r=-0.498,P=0.014)of career selection anxiety were negatively correlated with career adaptability.Lack of confidence dimension(r=-0.355,P=0.049)and worry about variables of employment dimension(r=-0.536,P=0.003)of career selection anxiety were negatively correlated with career decision-making self-efficacy.The results of multivariate analysis showed that career adaptability(β=-0.249,B=-0.311,t=-2.682,95%CI:-0.512--0.294)and career decision-making self-efficacy(β=-0.581,B=-0.636,t=-5.920,95%CI:-0.802--0.523)were the independent protective factors of career selection anxiety(P<0.05).No scholarship(β=0.201,B=0.286,t=2.851,95%CI:0.154-0.372)was an independent risk factor for career selection anxiety(P<0.05).Conclusion Career s

关 键 词：实习护士 职业决策自我效能感 职业生涯适应力 择业焦虑 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]