白大衣型高血压的研究进展  

Research progress on white coat hypertension

作　　者：张茹 郭建强[1] ZHANG Ru;GUO Jianqiang(Department of Cardiology,Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot010050,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学附属医院心内科,内蒙古呼和浩特010050

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2025年第5期193-198,共6页China Modern Medicine

摘　　要：高血压作为一项长期累积影响健康的病症,其潜在风险与血压水平成正比。中国医师协会最新发布的2022年《中国高血压临床实践指南》中,对中国成年人群的高血压诊断标准进行了修订,将先前的收缩压高于140 mmHg和/或舒张压高于90 mmHg的标准,调整为收缩压需达到130 mmHg及以上,且舒张压至少80 mmHg,这一调整意味着在更为严格的阈值下进行诊断。这种变化旨在早期识别并管理高血压,以降低心血管疾病的潜在风险。有助于早期识别那些在稍高的血压水平下仍然存在心血管风险的患者,但白大衣型高血压在一级高血压患者中的发生率为55%,在三级高血压中只有10%,白大衣型高血压发病率随血压降低而增高,高血压组的血压管理及疗效均较差,服药依从性差,对疾病的认识不足,白大衣型高血压也是如此。本文就新的诊断标准下白大衣型高血压和白大衣型高血压的诊断方法及其影响因素作一综述。Hypertension,as a long-term cumulative health condition,has a potential risk that is directly proportional to blood pressure levels.In the 2022 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension in China released by the Chinese Medical Doctor Association,the diagnostic criteria for hypertension in the Chinese adult population have been revised.The previous criteria for systolic blood pressure above 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure above 90 mmHg have been adjusted to require systolic blood pressure to reach 130 mmHg or above,and diastolic blood pressure to be at least 80 mmHg.This adjustment means that diagnosis should be made under stricter blood pressure control thresholds.This change aims to early identify and manage hypertension to reduce the potential risk of cardiovascular disease.It is helpful to early identify those patients who still have cardiovascular risks at slightly higher blood pressure levels.However,the incidence of white coat hypertension in patients with grade one hypertension is 55%,and only 10%in patients with grade three hypertension.The incidence rate of white coat hypertension increases with the decrease of blood pressure.The blood pressure management and efficacy of the hypertension group are poor,the drug compliance is poor,and the awareness of the disease is insufficient,so is white coat hypertension.This paper reviews the diagnostic methods and influencing factors of white coat hypertension and white coat hypertension under the new diagnostic criteria.

关 键 词：白大衣型高血压 诊断标准 焦虑 家庭血压监测 24 h动态血压监测 

分 类 号：R544[医药卫生—心血管疾病]