不同生育期水分胁迫对葡萄耗水特性的影响  

Effects of Water Stress at Different Growth Stages on Water Consumption Characteristics of Grapes

作　　者：冯婧怡 庞桂斌 于浩洋 苏学伟 黄乾[3] 徐征和 FENG Jingyi;PANG Guibin;YU Haoyang;SU Xuewei;HUANG Qian;XU Zhenghe(School of Water Conservancy and Environment,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,Shandong,China;Huantai County Water Utility Service Center of Shandong Province,Zibo 256400,Shandong,China;Shandong Institute of Water Resources Science,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学水利与环境学院,山东济南250022 [2]山东省桓台县水利事业服务中心,山东淄博256400 [3]山东省水利科学研究院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《济南大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期178-185,共8页Journal of University of Jinan(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0800601);水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022052)。

摘　　要：为了研究在不同生育期的水分胁迫对葡萄生长发育的影响,以鲜食品种玫瑰香葡萄为研究对象开展大田试验,在葡萄植株萌芽期、新梢生长期、开花期、果实膨大期、着色期实施灌水下限为田间持水量的60%的水分胁迫,其他时期的灌水下限为田间持水量的75%,以及全生育期实施灌水下限为田间持水量的60%的水分胁迫,对照组全生育期的灌水下限为田间持水量的75%,共设置7组处理方案,研究不同生育期水分胁迫对葡萄耗水强度、耗水量、耗水模数的影响。结果表明,水分胁迫对土壤含水量影响显著,深度为0~60 cm土层土壤含水量变化较大,随着深度的增加土壤含水量变化减小;水分胁迫使葡萄植株的耗水强度、耗水量显著减小,但在复水后都有不同程度的恢复,其中在全生育期、果实膨大期和着色期的水分胁迫使葡萄植株耗水强度和耗水量极显著减小,且恢复程度较低;水分胁迫对葡萄植株的耗水模数无显著影响,且葡萄的果实膨大期耗水量最大,耗水模数为53.06%~65.62%,为整个生育期的需水关键期。To study the effects of water stress on grape growth and development at different growth stages,a field experiment was conducted using the fresh variety Muscat grape.Water stress with a lower irrigation limit of 60%of field capacity was applied during the germination period of grape plant,new shoot growth period,flowering period,fruit expansion period,and coloring period,while the lower irrigation limit of 75%of field capacity was set for other periods.A treatment with a lower irrigation limit of 60%of field capacity was set for the entire growth period,the lower limit of irrigation during the whole growth period of control group was 75%of field capacity,and seven treatment schemes were set up to investigate the effects of water stress at different growth stages on the water consumption intensity,water consumption volume,and water consumption modulus of grapes.The results show that water stress has a significant effect on soil moisture content,the soil moisture content in 0-60 cm depth varies greatly,and decreases with increasing depth.Water stress significantly reduces the daily water consumption intensity and water consumption volume of grape plant,but both recover to varying degrees after re-watering.During the entire growth period,fruit expansion period,and coloring period,water stress significantly reduces the daily water consumption intensity and water consumption volume of grape plant,and the recovery degree is relatively low.Water stress has no significant effect on the water consumption modulus of grape plant,and the water consumption of grape fruit expanding stage is the largest,with the water consumption modulus up to 53.06%-65.62%,which is the key period of water demand in the whole growth period.

关 键 词：水分胁迫 葡萄 耗水强度 耗水量 耗水模数 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]