沙漠腹地高速公路风沙风险安全预警研究  

Research on Warning of Sand-Drift Risks on Expressway in Desert Hinterland

作　　者：韩方元 杨昊 孙晓骋 Han Fangyuan;Yang Hao;Sun Xiaocheng(Research Institute of Transportation Technology of Ningxia Communications Construction Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750004;Ningxia Communications Construction Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750002;Ningxia Communications Investment Expressway Management Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750001)

机构地区：[1]宁夏交建交通科技研究院有限公司,宁夏银川750004 [2]宁夏交通建设股份有限公司,宁夏银川750002 [3]宁夏交投高速公路管理有限公司,宁夏银川750001

出　　处：《中阿科技论坛(中英文)》2025年第3期76-80,共5页China-Arab States Science and Technology Forum

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区交通运输厅科技项目(202000176)。

摘　　要：针对腾格里沙漠频繁的风沙活动对乌玛公路沙漠段安全运营带来的不利影响,文章通过分析腾格里沙漠的风沙环境及道路风沙灾害特征,遴选了沙漠公路风沙灾害监测事件及其评价指标,并基于不同风沙灾害事件对沙漠公路运营的危害程度进行了评价,探讨了沙漠公路风沙风险预警标准。研究结果表明,腾格里沙漠在风季(4—6月)期间,每月大风日数占比为1/3~2/3,且逐日瞬时最大风速均达到起沙风速,风沙运动频繁且风沙环境复杂。在此基础上,文章提出了风沙灾害监测事件及其指标,包括路面积沙(包含积沙厚度、积沙面积、风积率)、路基风蚀(包含风蚀量、风蚀率)、风沙天气(包含风速、能见度),同时,给出了沙漠公路风沙风险分级分类预警标准,并开发了沙漠公路风沙风险预警系统。该系统能够实现沙漠公路监测信息的实时处理与交互,以及风沙风险的及时预警与分析。In view of the adverse impact of frequent sand-drift in the Tengger Desert on the safe operation of the Wuhai-Maqin Expressway,this paper selects the monitoring events and evaluation indicators by analyzing the environment in the Tengger Desert and the characteristics of the sand-drift disasters,evaluates the hazards of different sand-drift disasters,and discusses the early warning standards of sand-drift risks.The research findings show that during the wind season(April-June),the number of windy days per month accounts for about 1/3~2/3,and the daily instantaneous maximum wind speed reaches the threshold wind velocity of sand-moving.The sand-drift activities are frequent and the environment is complex.On this basis,this article proposes monitoring events and indicators,including road sand accumulation(including sand accumulation thickness,sand accumulation area and wind deposition rate),roadbed wind erosion(including wind erosion amount and rate),and sand-drift weather(including wind speed and visibility).At the same time,the article expounded the grading and classification standards for desert road sand-drift risks,and develops a risk warning system.This system is capable of real-time processing and interaction of monitoring information,as well as timely warning of sand-drift risks.

关 键 词：沙漠公路 风沙环境 风沙灾害 预警系统 腾格里沙漠 

分 类 号：U414.91[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]