格状沙丘地形下公路固沙措施破损及优化研究  

Research on the Damage and Optimization of Sand Fixation Measures for Expressway in Grid Shaped Sand Dunes

作　　者：陈维斌 陶智忠 Chen Weibin;Tao Zhizhong(Research Institute of Transportation Technology of Ningxia Communications Construction Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750004;Ningxia Communications Construction Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750002)

机构地区：[1]宁夏交建交通科技研究院有限公司,宁夏银川750004 [2]宁夏交通建设股份有限公司,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《中阿科技论坛(中英文)》2025年第3期86-90,共5页China-Arab States Science and Technology Forum

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区交通运输厅科技项目(202000176)。

摘　　要：防沙体系不仅关乎工程安全,还决定着工程建设成本及后期运行维护成本。文章基于无人机倾斜摄影技术,以腾格里沙漠中乌玛高速公路的防沙体系为研究对象,对格状沙丘地形下的固沙措施进行了观测及破损分析,并利用计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟进一步分析固沙措施周围的风沙流场。研究结果表明:(1)固沙措施在格状沙丘顶部及迎风侧破坏严重,而在背风侧坡脚乃至更远位置破坏程度较低,其主要原因是:气流在沙丘迎风侧加速,沙丘顶部风速最大,导致固沙措施被掏蚀;在沙丘背风侧,气流出现涡流,风速降低,沙粒堆积,固沙措施被沙掩埋;当风沙流位于丘间地时,风速低于起沙风速,沙粒不易被吹动,固沙措施受破坏程度较小。(2)通过对比不同布设方案发现,当丘间地固沙措施的布设间距为2 m时,未出现明显积沙,沙粒输移被有效抑制,可降低建设成本,实现防沙效益最大化。Desertification control system is not only related to engineering safety,but also determines the construction cost and later operation and maintenance cost.Based on the UAV tilt photography technology,taking Wuhai-Maqin Expressway in Tengger Desert as an example,this paper aims to observe and analyze the sand fixation measures in the grid shaped sand dunes,and uses CFD to further explore the wind-drift sand.The research findings suggest that:(1)Sand fixation measures are severely damaged at the top and windward side of sand dunes,while the degree of damage is lower at the foot of the leeward slope and even further away.The main reason is that the airflow accelerates on the windward side,resulting in the highest wind speed at the top of the dune,which leads to erosion of sand fixation measures;On the leeward side of the sand dune,there is a vortex in the airflow,which leads to decreased wind speed,accumulated sand particles,hence,the sand fixation measures are buried;When the wind-drift sand is located in the inter-dune,the wind speed is lower than the threshold wind velocity of sand-moving,the sand particles are not easily blown away,resulting in less damage.(2)By comparing different deployment plans,it was found that when the spacing of sand fixation measures between inter-dune area was 2 meters,there was no significant sand accumulation,and the transport of sand particles was effectively suppressed.

关 键 词：格状沙丘 沙漠公路 固沙措施 防沙体系 

分 类 号：U418[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]