茵陈蒿汤典籍考  

Study on the Historical Records of Virgate Wormwood Decoction

作　　者：吴思琪 郎燕[2] 李嫚 罗彦慧[1,3,4] 孙灵芝 李卫强 WU Siqi;LANG Yan;LI Man;LUO Yanhui;SUN Lingzhi;LI Weiqiang(College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan,Ningxia,China,750004;Library of Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan,Ningxia,China,750004;Key Laboratory of Modernization of Minority Medicine of Ministry of Education,Yinchuan,Ningxia,China,750004;Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,Wuzhong,Ningxia,China,751100;College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing,China,100029)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学中医学院,宁夏银川750004 [2]宁夏医科大学图书馆,宁夏银川750004 [3]宁夏少数民族医药现代化教育部重点实验室,宁夏银川750004 [4]宁夏医科大学附属中医医院,宁夏吴忠751100 [5]北京中医药大学中医学院,北京100029

出　　处：《河南中医》2025年第3期348-355,共8页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目(zyyzdxk-2023208)。

摘　　要：目的:分析茵陈蒿汤的来源、药物组成、方义分析、功能主治、处方用量、药物炮制、煎制方法、服用方法,为该方的研究和开发提供文献基础。方法:在查阅相关书籍文献的基础上,采用文献计量法对茵陈蒿汤的关键信息进行全面考证。结果:(1)茵陈蒿汤首载于东汉张仲景《伤寒论》,由茵陈蒿、栀子、大黄3味药物组成,历史上有茵陈汤、涤热汤、大茵陈汤、茵陈大黄汤等异名方;(2)其药物组成、煎制方法和服用方法为后世医家常用,其方义也很少有争议;(3)历代医家用其治疗邪热入里,湿热壅滞中焦之证;(4)茵陈蒿汤的药物剂量可折算为:茵陈蒿82.5 g,栀子14 g,大黄27.5 g;(5)大多数医家均遵从张仲景的炮制方法,即栀子擘,大黄去皮,与2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》记录一致。结论:对茵陈蒿汤的药物组成、功能主治、处方用量等信息进行考证,可为该方的研究和应用提供依据。Objective:To analyze the origin,drug composition,formula rationale,functions and indications,dosage,drug processing,decocting method and administration method of Virgate Wormwood Decoction,providing a literature basis for the research and development of this formula.Method:Based on the review of relevant books and documents,the key information of Virgate Wormwood Decoction was comprehensively verified by using the bibliometric method.Results:(1)Virgate Wormwood Decoction was first recorded in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases by Zhang Zhongjing of the Eastern Han Dynasty.It is composed of three herbs:Yinchenhao(Herba Artemisiae Scopariae),Zhizi(Fructus Gardeniae)and Dahuang(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei).Historically,it has been known by various alternative names such as Yinchen Decoction,Diretang Decoction,Da Yinchen Decoction,and Yinchen Dahuang Decoction;(2)The composition of its ingredients,the decocting method,and the way of administration have been widely adopted by later generations of physicians,and there is little controversy over its therapeutic rationale;(3)In the past,physicians used it to treat conditions where pathogenic heat invades the interior and dampness-heat obstructs the middle energizer;(4)The dosage of Virgate Wormwood Decoction can be converted to:82.5 g of Yinchenhao,14 g of Zhizi,and 27.5 g of Dahuang;(5)Most physicians follow Zhang Zhongjing′s processing methods,namely,splitting Zhizi and peeling off the skin of Dahuang,which is consistent with the records in the 2020 edition of The Pharmacopoeia of the People′s Republic of China.Conclusion:Verifying the information such as the composition of herbs,functions and indications,and dosage of Virgate Wormwood Decoction can provide a basis for research and application of this formula.

关 键 词：茵陈蒿汤 《伤寒论》 《金匮要略》 张仲景 

分 类 号：R289.5[医药卫生—方剂学]