雏鹅舍环境无线多点远程监测系统设计  

Design of wireless multi-point remote monitoring system for gosling houses

作　　者：王雪皓 李逸明 邓书辉[2] WANG Xuehao;LI Yiming;DENG Shuhui(College of Engineering,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China;College of Civil Engineering and Water Conservancy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学土木水利学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2025年第3期67-75,共9页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：黑龙江省“双一流”特色学科平台项目(HLJTSXK2022);大庆市农业农村领域项目(SXRH_(2)022-16)。

摘　　要：为了降低雏鹅舍环境监测成本,解决监测设备布线、传输距离受限、功耗大难题,全天候、全方位掌握雏鹅舍温湿度、NH_(3)浓度变化特征,试验采用LoRa星型拓扑结构进行无线分布式组网,以“一主多从”的形式部署,传感器以STC8G型号单片机为核心,搭载温湿度、NH_(3)传感器模块及充电模块;数据经由传感器-传感器采集端-汇聚端传输至云平台服务器。结果表明:雏鹅舍温湿度空间分布不均匀,24 h内2个雏鹅舍温度分别为25.4~31.0℃、25.2~30.2℃,相对湿度分别为70.1%~88.3%、70.8%~94.0%;NH_(3)最高浓度分别为1.08 mg/m^(3)、1.02 mg/m^(3),均低于国家标准(10 mg/m^(3))。雏鹅舍环境无线多点远程监测系统精准度高,NH_(3)传感器平均相对误差为1.85%,温度、湿度平均绝对误差分别为0.28℃、0.54%。系统实现了无线多点环境监测,通过Web端、手机端远程监测,可实现长时监测、调控及预警;温湿度传感器平均丢包率为1.63%,NH_(3)传感器平均丢包率为4.83%,可低功耗持续运行725 h。在黑龙江省某养殖场3个雏鹅舍进行了系统测试,结果表明系统控制鹅舍环境指标并可快速完成时空分布特性分析。说明该系统可应于雏鹅舍智能化管理。In order to reduce the cost of environmental monitoring in gosling house,solve the problems in monitoring equipment with limited wiring,transmission distance and high power consumption,and master the variation characteristics of temperature,humidity and NH_(3) concentration in the gosling house throughout the day and in all directions,experimental adoption the LoRa star topology structure was used for wireless distributed networking,and nodes were deployed in the form of“one master,multiple slaves”.The core of the sensor was the STC8G microcontroller,which was equipped with temperature,humidity,NH_(3) sensor modules and charging module.The data was transmitted to the server through the last sensor-sensor acquistion terminal-sink end.The results showed that the spatial distribution of temperature and humidity in some gosling houses was uneven.Within 24 hours,the temperature of the two gosling houses was 25.4-31.0℃and 25.2-30.2℃,respectively;the relative humidity was 70.1%-88.3%and 70.8%-94.0%,respectively;and the highest concentration of NH_(3) was 1.08 mg/m^(3) and 1.02 mg/m^(3),respectively,which were lower than the national limit(10 mg/m^(3)).The accuracy of the system was high.Wireless multi-point remote monitoring system for goose house enviroment average relative error of NH_(3) sensor was 1.85%,and the average absolute error of temperature and humidity was 0.28℃and 0.54%respectively.Wireless multi-point environmental monitoring was realized by this system,and long-term monitoring,regulation and early warning could be realized by Web terminal and mobile terminal remote monitoring.The average packet loss rate of the temperature and humidity sensor was 1.63%,and the average packet loss rate of the NH_(3) sensor was 4.83%,which could run continuously for 725 hours with low power consumption.The system test of 3 gosling houses in a farm in Heilongjiang Province showed that the system could control the environmental index of the goslings and could quickly analyze the spatial and temporal distribution ch

关 键 词：雏鹅舍 无线多点 LoRa 低功耗 远程监测 

分 类 号：S818.4[农业科学—畜牧学]