场独立\场依存个体对情绪面孔刺激注意偏向的差异性  

Difference of Attention Bias of Field-lndependent and Field-Dependent Individuals to Emotional Faces

作　　者：杨玲[1] 张更生[1] 张娟娟[1] 王霞[1] 赵海燕[1] YANG Ling;ZHANG Gengsheng;ZHANG Juanjuan;WANG Xia;ZHAO Haiyan(School of Psychology,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学心理学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2025年第1期185-189,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32460210);甘肃省社科规划项目(2024YB050)。

摘　　要：目的:考察场独立和场依存个体对不同类型情绪面孔刺激注意偏向的差异性。方法:通过镶嵌图形测验选取场独立和场依存个体各33名,采用2×2×3的混合实验设计,通过线索-靶子任务探究在有效或无效线索提示下,场独立和场依存个体对积极、消极或中性情绪面孔刺激的反应时。结果:(1)场独立个体任务正确率显著高于场依存个体。(2)靶子空间位置主效应显著,被试在有效线索提示下反应时显著长于无效线索提示下的反应时。(3)情绪面孔刺激和靶子空间位置交互作用显著,认知风格、情绪面孔刺激及靶子空间位置三因素交互作用显著。在有效线索提示下,场依存个体对消极情绪面孔刺激的反应时显著低于场独立个体;在无效线索提示下,场独立个体对积极情绪面孔刺激的反应时显著高于场依存个体。结论:场依存个体存在由注意警觉所引起的负性情绪注意偏向;场独立个体存在由注意滞留所引起的正性情绪注意偏向。Objective:To examine the variability in attentional bias of field-independent and field-dependent individuals to different types of emotional face stimuli.Methods:Thirty-three field-independent and field-dependent individuals were selected by embedded figures test;a 2×2×3 mixed experimental design was used to explore,via a cuetarget task,when field-independent and field-dependent individuals responded to positive,negative,or neutral emotional face stimuli when prompted by valid or invalid cues.Results:(1)Field-independents were significantly more likely to be correct on the task than field-dependents.(2)there was a significant main effect of target spatial location,with subjects responding to valid cue prompts for significantly longer periods of time than to invalid cue prompts.(3)there was a significant interaction between emotional face stimuli and target spatial location;and there was a significant interaction among the three factors of cognitive style,emotional face stimuli,and target spatial location.With valid cues,field-dependent individuals had significantly lower response times to negative emotions than field-independent individuals;with invalid cues,field-independent individuals had significantly higher response times to positive emotions than field-dependent individuals.Conclusion:Field-dependent individuals have an attentional bias for negative emotions induced by attentional vigilance;field-independent individuals have an attentional bias for positive emotions induced by attentional retention.

关 键 词：场独立性 场依存性 情绪面孔 注意偏向 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]