山西朔州源子河流域地下水水化学特征及其影响因素  

Hydrochemical Characteristics of Groundwater and Its Influencing Factors in Yuanzi River Basin,Shuozhou,Shanxi,China

作　　者：杨永强 李帆 杜倩倩 韩志强 韩自强 YANG Yongqiang;LI Fan;DU Qianqian;HAN Zhiqiang;HAN Ziqiang(Qinghai Institute of Technology,Engineering College,Xining 810008,China;Henan Vocational College of Water Conservancy and Environment,Department of Hydraulic Engineering,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Yangling Vocational&Technical College,Hydraulic Engineering branch,Yangling Shaanxi,712199,China)

机构地区：[1]青海理工学院工学院,西宁810008 [2]河南水利与环境职业学院水利工程系,郑州450003 [3]杨凌职业技术学院水利工程分院,陕西杨凌712199

出　　处：《地球与环境》2025年第1期99-111,共13页Earth and Environment

基　　金：青海理工学院“昆仑英才”人才引进科研项目资助(2023–QLGKLYCZX–029)。

摘　　要：源子河流经山西省朔州市平鲁区冲积平原,属海河流域永定河上游桑干河谷,区域地形为黄土高原的典型代表,黄土层具有高度均质性和深度的厚度。为深入研究流域地下水水化学特征变化规律及其影响因素,在平鲁区丰水期和枯水期共采集地下水42组,综合利用描述性统计,Piper图和Gibbs图,氢氧同位素和相关性分析等方法探究了研究区地下水水化学特征和主要离子来源及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)研究区地下水整体呈中性至弱碱性,丰水期和枯水期地下水水化学类型均以SO_(4)·Cl–Ca·Mg为主,丰水期水质整体好于枯水期;(2)地下水在流动路径中发生着水岩作用和阳离子交替吸附等作用,水化学组分主要受到岩石风化和大气降水的共同影响;(3)研究区存在着石膏、岩盐和芒硝的溶解,地下水受到碳酸盐矿物和硅酸盐矿物风化溶解的影响,且碳酸盐矿物的风化溶解要强于硅酸盐矿物;(4)地下水的补给以大气降水为主,枯水期地下水在接受大气降水补给的过程中受到蒸发作用的影响;地下水水化学组分除了受水岩作用和大气降水补给影响外,地表水以及人类活动产生的废水同样对地下水产生一定的影响。本研究揭示了源子河流域地下水水化学特征及其影响因素,研究结果对黄土高原地下水水化学形成与演化过程,水资源开发利用与保护有重要意义。The Yuanzi River flows through the alluvial plain of Pinglu District,Shuozhou City,Shanxi Province,which belongs to the upper Sanggan Valley of Yongding River in the Haihe River Basin.The regional topography is representative of the Loess Plateau,where the loess layer has a high degree of homogeneity and depth of thickness.To study the changing rules of groundwater hydrochemistry and its influencing factors,we collected a total of 42 groups of groundwater samples in Pinglu District during the abundant and dry seasons.We used descriptive statistics,Piper diagrams and Gibbs diagrams,hydrogen and oxygen isotopes,and correlation analyses to investigate the hydrochemistry of the groundwater in the study area,as well as the main sources of ions and their influencing factors.The results show that:(1)The groundwater in the study area is neutral to weakly alkaline,and SO_(4)·Cl–Ca·Mg controls the water chemistry of the groundwater in both the abundant and dry periods;the water quality in the abundant period is better than that in the dry period;(2)the groundwater undergoes water-rock interaction and cation adsorption alternatively in the flow path,and the water chemistry is mainly affected by the weathering of the rock and the precipitation from the atmosphere;(3)in the study area,there are gypsum,rock salt,and nitrate dissolution,and the groundwater is affected by the weathering and dissolution of carbonate minerals and silicate minerals;the weathering and dissolution of carbonate minerals are stronger than that of silicate minerals;(4)the recharge of the groundwater is dominated by atmospheric precipitation,and the groundwater is affected by evaporation during the dry season when the groundwater receives atmospheric precipitation.In addition to the impact of the water rock interaction and atmospheric precipitation recharge,the surface water and the wastewater discharged by human activities also have a certain influence on the groundwater.This study reveals the hydrochemical characteristics and influencing factors of

关 键 词：源子河流域 地下水 水化学 氢氧稳定同位素 水化学特征 

分 类 号：P641[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]