带有两级分离结构的启动分离器运行特性试验研究  

Experimental study on operational characteristics of start-up separator with a two-stage separation structure

作　　者：宋涛 SONG Tao(China General Nuclear Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]中广核研究院有限公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《中国科技论文》2025年第2期146-154,共9页China Sciencepaper

摘　　要：为了研究启动分离器的运行特性,以一种带有两级分离结构的海上核动力装置启动分离器为研究对象,开展了试验研究。首先,对启动分离器原型设备进行模化分析,基于模化结果确定启动分离器可视化试验样机;然后,根据启动分离器原型上行、下行工况设计试验工况,以水和空气为工质,研究在不同运行条件下启动分离器可视化试验样机的分离效率,探究了入口气水流量对分离效率的影响;最后,分析了启动分离器两级分离结构件间的液滴粒径大小及分布。结果表明:在上行、下行工况范围内,带有两级分离结构的启动分离器的分离效率高达99.83%;入口气水流量对启动分离器的分离效率具有重要影响,随着入口气相流量的增大,启动分离器分离效率逐渐下降;增大入口液相流量,一级旋切入口会出现溅射现象,导致逃逸液滴量增大,但入口液相流量增加量远大于逃逸液滴量的增加量,故启动分离器分离效率仍会升高;启动分离器一、二级分离结构间液滴中值粒径范围为8~10μm,液滴的粒径分布近似于正态分布。Experimental study on a start-up separator with a two-stage separation structure used in an offshore nuclear power plant was carried out to investigate the operational characteristics of the start-up separator.First,a scaling analysis was performed on the prototype start-up separator device,and based on the scaling results,a visual experimental model of the start-up separator was determined.Based on the operating conditions of the prototype during upward and downward operations,experimental conditions were designed subsequently.Using water and air as the working fluids,the separation efficiency of the visual experimental model of the start-up separator was studied under different operating conditions,and the impact of inlet air-water flow rates on the separation efficiency was investigated.Finally,the droplet size distribution between the two-stage separation structures of the start-up separator was analyzed.The research results show that within the range of upward and downward operating conditions,the start-up separator with two-stage separation structures has a high separation efficiency of 99.83%.The inlet air-water flow rates have a significant impact on the separation efficiency of the start-up separator.As the inlet gas flow rate increases,the separation efficiency of the start-up separator gradually decreases.When the inlet liquid flow rate is increased,splashing phenomena occur at the first-stage vane inlet,leading to an increase in the amount of escaping droplets.However,the increase in the inlet liquid flow rate is much greater than the increase in the amount of escaping droplets,so the separation efficiency of the start-up separator can still be improved.The mean droplet size between the two-stage separation structures of the start-up separator ranges from 8μm to 10μm,and the droplet size distribution is approximately normal.

关 键 词：海上核动力 启动分离器 气水分离 液滴粒径 分离效率 

分 类 号：TL332[核科学技术—核技术及应用]