铅锌尾矿粉地聚物混凝土的制备及其性能  

Preparation and properties of lead-zinc tailings powder geopolymer concrete

作　　者：刘清 许飞 冉枫菱 唐小林 周云 杨瑞 王东星 LIU Qing;XU Fei;RAN Fengling;TANG Xiaolin;ZHOU Yun;YANG Rui;WANG Dongxing(School of Civil Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China;Henan Zhonggong Design and Research Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450009,China;School of Civil Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;College of Civil and Construction Engineering,Hunan Institute of Technology,Hengyang 421001,China;Hunan YiHui Construction Co.Ltd.,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学土木工程学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]河南省中工设计研究院集团股份有限公司,河南郑州450009 [3]武汉大学土木建筑工程学院,湖北武汉430072 [4]湖南工学院土木与建筑工程学院,湖南衡阳421001 [5]湖南省亿辉建筑有限公司,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《中国粉体技术》2025年第2期131-140,共10页China Powder Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,编号:52079098;湖南省自然科学基金青年A类项目,编号:2025JJ20049;湖南省自然科学基金区域联合项目,编号:2023JJ50133、2024JJ7433。

摘　　要：【目的】为了解决铅锌尾矿的堆存浪费及潜在环境污染问题,采用铅锌尾矿粉和偏高岭土为原材料,制备掺铅锌尾矿粉地聚物混凝土,进而提高铅锌尾矿粉的利用率同时保护生态环境。【方法】通过调节水胶比(质量比,下同)、铅锌尾矿粉掺量(质量比,下同)、碱当量测试混凝土的和易性、立方体破坏形态及力学性能,并根据力学性能试验结果对抗压-劈拉强度进行非线性拟合。【结果】当水胶比为0.35时,地聚物混凝土和易性最优;随着立方体抗压和劈拉强度的提高,破坏形态由边界破坏转变为边界-骨料共同破坏;抗压和劈拉强度随水胶比的增大呈先增加后显著下降的趋势,碱当量为10.5%时立方体抗压和劈拉强度随铅锌尾矿粉掺量的增加逐渐降低,碱当量为11.5%和12.5%时立方体抗压和劈拉强度随铅锌尾矿粉掺量的增加先升高后降低;通过幂函数拟合抗压-劈拉强度关系,得到拟合公式fts=0.115 f^(0.873)_(cu),拉压比在1/15~1/12之间。【结论】当水胶比、铅锌尾矿粉掺量和碱当量分别为0.35、40%和1.5%时,所制备的地聚物混凝土具有良好的和易性和力学性能。Objective China is a major global producer and consumer of lead and zinc,but the mining of these resources generates large quantities of lead-zinc tailings.Due to the differences in mining technologies and mineral processing techniques,the compre-hensive utilization rate of these tailings remains low,resulting in significant accumulation.This not only poses serious environ-mental risks,such as heavy metal pollution,but also threatens public safety as dams of tailings reservoirs may breach due to earthquakes or floods.Although tailings have certain applications in building materials,such as cement clinker,unburned bricks,and wall panels,their overall resource utilization rate remains low.Geopolymer concrete,a green alternative to tradi-tional cement,uses activated aluminosilicate precursors to replace conventional cementitious materials.This concrete has excel-lent mechanical properties and durability,with lower energy consumption and CO_(2) emissions compared to ordinary concrete.Using lead-zinc tailings powder,rich in silicon and aluminum,as a precursor for geopolymer concrete can help reduce the envi-ronmental impact of tailings accumulation,while reducing the amount of cement used,saving costs,and reducing CO_(2) emissions.Methods In this study,the modulus of sodium water glass composite alkali activator was set to 1.20.To avoid the influence of aggregates on experimental results,the mass ratio of aggregate to cementitious material was fixed to 2.8,the sand ratio at 0.30,and the concrete density at 2500 kg/m^(3),according to the ordinary concrete mix design specifications.Experimental variables included:water-binder ratio(k_(1))(0.30,0.33,0.35,0.38,0.41,0.47,and 0.5),lead-zinc tailings powder content(k_(2))(30%,40%,and 50%),and alkali equivalent(k_(3))(Na_(2)O content in sodium silicate relative to total cementitious material weight being 10.5%,11.5%,and 12.5%).By adjusting these variables,the workability,cube failure morphologies,and mechanical properties of the concrete were tested,and a nonlinear fitting an

关 键 词：铅锌尾矿粉 地聚物混凝土 和易性 破坏形态 力学性能 

分 类 号：TU528.41[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]