华龙一号PCS传热管对安全壳内气溶胶去除影响  

Impact of HPR1000 PCS heat transfer tubes on aerosol removal within containment

作　　者：孙晓晖 谷海峰 王辉 SUN Xiaohui;GU Haifeng;WANG Hui(CNNC Key Laboratory on Severe Accidentin Nuclear Power Safety,China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100840,China;Fundamental Science on Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国核电工程有限公司中核核电安全严重事故研究重点实验室,北京100084 [2]哈尔滨工程大学核安全与仿真技术国防重点学科实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中国粉体技术》2025年第2期161-172,共12页China Powder Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目,编号:2020YFB1901400。

摘　　要：【目的】研究非能动安全壳冷却系统(passive containment cooling system,PCS)在严重事故过程中强化安全壳内气溶胶的去除过程。【方法】采用离散分区法建立静态封闭系统的气溶胶演化计算模型,研究PCS传热管对安全壳内气溶胶去除的影响,并同步进行对比实验。【结果】理论计算模型的计算结果与实验结果吻合较好;随着PCS传热管表面积的增加和传热管附近温度梯度的增加,气空间气溶胶悬浮比例降低;双隔间模型计算得到的气溶胶悬浮比例比单隔间模型结果更高;在文中华龙一号安全壳缩比参数的容器内,PCS传热管可提升气溶胶沉积效率约为12%。【结论】建立的理论模型可用于气溶胶沉积过程的分析研究;PCS传热管表面积的增加和传热管附近温度梯度的增加对气溶胶的去除具有强化作用;评估安全壳内PCS传热管对气溶胶强化作用,须考虑安全壳内气溶胶分布的不均匀性,基于均匀性假设评估的结果并不保守;PCS传热管可显著增强安全壳内气溶胶的去除效果。Objective During a severe accident at a nuclear power plant,the containment,serving as the final barrier to confine radioactive fission products,plays a crucial role in preventing the spread of radiation.Passive containment cooling systems(PCS)are incor-porated into third-generation reactors,such as AP1000 and Hualong series,to cool and depressurize the containment vessel fol-lowing a severe accident,thereby preventing containment failure.During the cooling process in Hualongreactors,temperature and gas concentration gradientsform near the PCS heat transfer tubes.These gradients drive aerosol dynamic phenomena such as diffusiophoresis and thermophoresis in the PCS,which enhance the removal of aerosols from the containment vessel during severe accidents.However,due to our insufficient understanding of PCS’s enhanced aerosol removal effect,the effect has not been considered in traditional source term assessments.Therefore,research on the enhanced aerosol removal effect of PCS is benefi-cial for optimizing source term assessments and improving economic efficiency.Methods In this study,the discrete zone method was employed to solve the aerosol transport equation,focusing on the impact of PCS heat transfer tubes on aerosol removal within the containment.The theoretical calculation model was compared and verified through experiments.The calculations considered various processes affecting aerosol particles,including convection,diffusion,coagulation,condensation,nucleation,and deposition.The deposition process includes four mechanisms:gravitational set-tling,Brownian diffusion,thermophoresis,and diffusiophoresis.Experiments were conducted in a simulation chamber with a volume of approximately 12 m³,where the parameters of the heat transfer tubes were consistent with those of the prototype PCS in the Hualong pressurized reactor 1000(HPR1000).Titanium dioxide aerosols were generated using a Palas RBG2000 aerosol generator,and their particle size distribution was measured using a Palas Promo3000HP aerosol spectrometer.To

关 键 词：气溶胶 华龙一号 非能动安全壳冷却系统 扩散泳 

分 类 号：TB4[一般工业技术] TQ324.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]