《数据安全法》的域外数据管辖权模式及其完善路径研究  

Research on the Extraterritorial Data Jurisdiction Model and Its Improvement of Data Security Law

作　　者：周明[1,2] ZHOU Ming

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学涉外警务学院,北京100038 [2]中国人民公安大学网络空间研究中心,北京100038

出　　处：《华侨大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第1期116-127,共12页Journal of Huaqiao University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家民委民族问题研究项目“以国籍制度完善为牵引推动港澳台侨中华民族共同体意识构建”(2024-GMD-088)。

摘　　要：《数据安全法》第二条在坚持“数据存储地”模式下,通过保护管辖原则适当扩展域外数据管辖权,与欧美等其他国家的“数据控制者模式”下域外管辖权扩张路径有显著区别。作为数据大国,中国有必要从自身国情出发,辩证看待“数据存储地模式”和“数据控制者模式”,探索符合中国国家利益和需要的域外数据管辖权规则体系。在尊重网络主权、数据主权的前提下,创新性构建以数据国籍制度为连接点的应对域外数据管辖权无限制扩张新方案,实现从“数据主体”到“数据本体”的转变,将数据存储地模式与数据控制者模式实质统一起来,阻断其他国家域外数据管辖权无限制扩张,推动中国法的域外适用,将中国规则、中国制度推广应用于国际网络空间。Article 2 of the Data Security Law appropriately expands extraterritorial data jurisdiction through the principle of protecting jurisdiction under the mode of“data storage location”,which is significantly different from the expansion path of extraterritorial jurisdiction under the“data controller mode”in Europe and America.As a major data country,it is necessary for China to dialectically view the“data storage location model”and the“data controller model”based on its own national conditions,and explore a system of extraterritorial data jurisdiction rules that align with China’s national interests and needs.On the premise of respecting network sovereignty and data sovereignty,we will innovatively construct a new plan to cope with the unlimited expansion of extraterritorial data jurisdiction with the data nationality system as the connecting point,realizing the shift from“data subject”to“data entity”,and substantially unifying the data storage location mode with the data controller mode,blocking the unlimited expansion of extraterritorial data jurisdiction of other countries,promoting the extraterritorial application of Chinese law,and promoting the application of Chinese rules and systems in the international cyberspace.

关 键 词：数据安全法 数据存储地模式 域外数据管辖权 数据国籍 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D631[政治法律—法学]