何为客观?数字智能时代新闻客观性原则的重返与省思  

What is Objectivity?Review on the Objectivity Principle of News in the Digital Intelligence Era

作　　者：刘露 张彦华[2,3,4] LIU Lu;ZHANG Yan-hua

机构地区：[1]合肥大学语言文化与传媒学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]中国矿业大学网络风险治理研究中心 [3]中国社会科学院大学政治传播研究中心 [4]中国矿业大学公共管理学院(应急管理学院)

出　　处：《华侨大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第1期138-145,155,共9页Journal of Huaqiao University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代公共安全应急框架体系研究”(23ZDA117)。

摘　　要：算法被认为比新闻从业者更客观是因为除最初编程外不需要人工参与的算法克服了人类主观性限制。但是,批评新闻从业者不客观不仅仅是因为其存在着的主观性问题,还与社会权力结构的不平等以及媒体所有权的垄断和集中有关。通过对新闻算法及其所作的客观性承诺的考察,发现算法不仅不能从根本上解决主观性问题,同时也深受社会权力结构和企业经济偏向影响,主要表现为以个性化为导向的算法新闻对新闻公共性的贬损、计算宣传的兴起,以及平台型媒体开始成为新的垄断主体。Algorithms are considered more objective than journalists because they do not require human involvement except for the initial programming,thus overcoming the limitations of human subjectivity.However,criticizing journalists for not being objective is not only due to the problem of subjectivity,but also related to the inequality of social power structure and the monopoly and concentration of media ownership.Through the examination of news algorithms and their commitment to objectivity,it is found that algorithms not only fail to fundamentally solve the problem of subjectivity,but are also deeply influenced by social power structures and corporate economic biases.This is mainly manifested in the devaluation of news publicness by personalized algorithmic news,the rise of computational propaganda,and the emergence of platform media as new monopolistic entities.

关 键 词：新闻算法 客观性 主观性 机械客观性 权力结构 媒体组织 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]