电动汽车普及形势下汽车库消防给水设计探讨  

Discussion on fire water supply design for garage under popularization of electric vehicles

作　　者：张斌 杨磊 麻增龙 ZHANG Bin;YANG Lei;MA Zenglong(Beijing Dongfang Huamai Engineering Design Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266055,Shandong,China;China Construction Fourth Engineering Division Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 511400,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]北京东方华脉工程设计有限公司青岛分公司,山东青岛266055 [2]中国建筑第四工程局有限公司,广东广州511400

出　　处：《工程建设》2025年第2期31-35,共5页Engineering Construction

摘　　要：随着电动汽车的大量普及,出现了电动汽车与燃油汽车在车库内混合停放的情况,但目前缺少针对电动汽车库的专项消防设计标准。通过对电动汽车火灾的特点进行分析,提出在电动汽车与燃油汽车混合车库的消防给水设计时,适当增加室内外消火栓系统和自动喷水灭火系统的火灾延续时间,能有效防止火灾复燃;自动喷水灭火系统采用湿式系统、快速响应喷头,并提高喷水强度,加大作用面积,灭火效果和冷却效果更好;灭火器的配置基准应同时满足B类火灾中危险级场所和E类严重危险级场所的要求,最大保护距离满足B类火灾中危险级的要求;为减少水渍损失,应设置具有相应排水能力的排水设施。本文成果可为同类汽车库中的消防给水设计提供一点借鉴。With the widespread popularity of electric vehicles,electric vehicles and fuel vehicles are parked together in garages,but there is currently a lack of special fire protection design standards for electric vehicle garages.By analyzing the characteristics of electric vehicle fires,it is proposed that when designing the fire water supply for mixed garages of electric vehicles and fuel vehicles,appropriately increasing the fire duration of indoor and outdoor fire hydrant systems and automatic sprinkler systems can effectively prevent the re-ignition of fires.The automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system adopts a wet system and quick-response sprinkler heads,and increases the water spray intensity and the action area,so as to achieve better fire extinguishing and cooling effects;The configuration criteria of fire extinguishers should meet the requirements of Class B fire medium-hazard level places and Class E severe-hazard level places,and the maximum protection distance should meet the requirements of Class B fire medium-hazard level;In order to reduce water spots damage,drainage facilities with appropriate drainage capacity should be installed.The results can provide a certain reference for fire water supply design in a similar vehicle garage.

关 键 词：电动汽车 混合车库 锂电池 热失控 消防给水 灭火器 

分 类 号：TU892[建筑科学] TU821