邵雍历史哲学与政治思想的逻辑结构及其整体风貌  

The Logical Structure and Overall Features of Shao Yong's Historical Philosophy and Political Thoughts

作　　者：范立舟[1] FAN Lizhou

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学人文学院,浙江杭州311121

出　　处：《济南大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期115-123,191,共10页Journal of University of Jinan:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助重点项目“北宋五子政治思想研究”(项目编号:20FZSA001)。

摘　　要：“北宋五子”之一的思想家邵雍对中国历史的演变及其动因有着独特认识,其政治评判价值标准也呈现出完全契合理学的面相。邵雍对历史演进的解释,与他的宇宙观完全相符合。元、会、世、运是对线性时间的切割与分解,也是邵雍对历史时段的分析段落。他的政治思想,首先体现在他的历史认知与历史哲学上。在对历史哲学的阐述过程中,在对古今历史事件、历史制度、历史人物的评判过程中展现出来。在各个历史阶段,尽管均体现着儒家的文化与道德价值——“仁”“礼”“义”“智”,同时也反映出“道”“德”“功”“力”的实际效用。由此呈现出“皇”“帝”“王”“伯”四个层级。在邵雍构思的历史与政治世界里,善良意志扮演着绝对的主角,而善良意志能力的第一个角色,就是实践理性和道德感。离开善良意志,正义以及政治世界的全部价值便会烟消云散。Shao Yong,one of the"Five Philosophers of the Northern Song Dynasty,"has a distinctive understanding of the historical evolution of China and its driving forces.His value-standard for political evaluation also presents a feature that fully aligns with Neo-Confucianism.Shao Yong's interpretation of historical evolution is completely in line with his worldview."Yuan","Hui","Shi",and"Yun"are not only the segmentation of linear time but also the units in Shao Yong's analysis of historical periods.His political thoughts are first manifested in his historical cognition and philosophy.In the process of elaborating on historical philosophy,they are demonstrated through the judgment of ancient and modern historical events,historical systems,and historical figures.At each historical stage,although all of them reflect the cultural and moral values of Confucianism,namely"Ren","Li","Yi",and"Zhi",they also reflect the practical effects of"Dao","De","Gong",and"Li".From this,four levels are derived:"Huang""Di","Wang",and"Bo".In the historical and political realm envisioned by Shao Yong,good will plays an absolutely dominant role.The primary function of the ability of good will lies in practical reason and moral sense.Without good will,justice and all the values in the political world will disappear.

关 键 词：宋 邵雍 历史哲学 政治思想 儒家 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]