藏药莪达夏醇提物的急性和亚慢性毒性实验  

Acute and subchronic toxicity tests of alcohol extract of Tibetan medicine Oxytropis falcata Bunge

作　　者：薛华 曹学锋[2] 何雨昕 郭子旭 XUE Hua;CAO Xuefeng;HE Yuxin;GUO Zixu(School of Medicine,Qinghai University,Qinghai Province,Xining810001,China;Research Center for High Altitude Medicine,Qinghai University,Qinghai Province,Xining810001,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学医学院,青海西宁810001 [2]青海大学高原医学研究中心,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2025年第5期13-17,共5页China Medical Herald

基　　金：青海省科学技术厅基础研究计划项目(2023-ZJ-773)。

摘　　要：目的观察藏药莪达夏醇提物的急性与亚慢性毒性,探讨过量服用是否对小鼠各器官产生毒性作用,从而指导临床用药。方法选取60只SPF级KM小鼠,体重(20±5)g,6周龄左右,雌雄各半;其中20只用于急性毒性实验,40只用于亚慢性毒性实验。急性毒性实验:20只KM小鼠灌胃6.0 g/kg藏药莪达夏醇提物,给药后连续观察7 d;观察小鼠死亡情况,评估小鼠活动、饮食、粪便有无异常,同时观察各器官外观。亚慢性毒性实验:40只KM小鼠按照随机数字表法分为对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组、极高剂量组,每组8只。给药组每日以0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0 g/kg藏药莪达夏醇提物进行灌胃,对照组灌胃等体积生理盐水,连续28 d。观察小鼠的一般情况,记录小鼠中毒反应及死亡情况,每周记录小鼠体重;比较各组天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、肌酸激酶同工酶、尿素氮、肌酐、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白水平;计算各组肝、肾脏指数;观察各器官病理组织学变化。结果急性毒性实验:给药后7 d内,所有动物均存活,小鼠活动正常、饮食、粪便正常,未出现意识丧失、呼吸困难、共济失调、死亡等急性中毒反应;解剖发现各器官完整,外观正常。亚慢性毒性实验:五组小鼠体重均正常增长;各组小鼠天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、肌酸激酶同工酶、尿素氮、肌酐、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各组小鼠肝脏、肾脏指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);小鼠各器官病理形态正常,未见明显病变。结论本实验条件下,藏药莪达夏的急性毒性实验和亚慢性毒性实验未见明显毒性反应,藏药莪达夏临床合理剂量使用安全性好。Objective To observe the acute and subchronic toxicities of ethanolic extract of Tibetan medicine Oxytropis falcata Bunge,and to explore whether excessive administration has toxic effects on the organs of mice,so as to guide clinical drug use.Methods Sixty SPF grade KM mice,weight(20±5)g,6 weeks of age,half male and half female were selected;of these,20 mice were used for acute toxicity test and 40 were used for subchronic toxicity test.In acute toxicity test,twenty KM mice were given 6.0 g/kg alcohol extract of Tibetan medicine Oxytropis falcata Bunge,and observed continuously for 7 days after administration.The death of the mice was observed,the activity,diet,and stool of mice were evaluated,and the appearance of each organ was also observed.In subchronic toxicity test,40 KM mice were divided into control group,low dose group,medium dose group,high dose group,and extremely high dose group according to random number table method,with 8 mice in each group.The administration groups were given 0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 g/kg alcohol extract of Tibetan medicine Oxytropis falcata Bunge by intragastric administration,while control group was given intragastric administration with equal volume of normal saline for 28 consecutive days.The general condition of the mice was observed,the poisoning reaction and death of the mice were recorded,and the weight of the mice was recorded weekly;the levels of aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,creatine kinase isoenzyme,urea nitrogen,creatinine,triglyceride,and high density lipoprotein were compared among all groups;the liver and kidney index in each group was calculated;and the histopathological changes of the organs were observed.Results In acute toxicity test,within 7 days after administration,all the animals survived,and the mice had normal activities,normal diet,and normal stool,and no acute toxic reactions such as loss of consciousness,dyspnea,ataxia,and death occurred;the anatomy showed that all organs were intact and normal in appearance.In subchr

关 键 词：藏药 莪达夏 急性毒性 亚慢性毒性 临床用药 

分 类 号：R965.3[医药卫生—药理学]