增强钛酸铋钠基陶瓷储能研究进展  

Research Progress on Improving the Energy Storage of Bismuth Sodium Titanate Based Ceramics

作　　者：周乃吉 吴修胜 温红娟 施思嘉 曹菊芳 ZHOU Naiji;WU Xiusheng;WEN Hongjuan;SHI Sijia;CAO Jufang(School of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学材料与化学工程学院,合肥230009

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第6期14-30,共17页Materials Reports

基　　金：安徽省高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2022-010);科技部重点研发项目课题(2019YFE03070001)。

摘　　要：陶瓷电容器由于较高的能量储存密度、高的大功率充放电速率和较低的成本等优势,在脉冲功率技术储能系统方面具有应用潜力,得到广泛研究。含铅陶瓷电容器虽然表现出优异的性能,但铅元素对环境和人类健康有着潜在的危害,因此开发无铅电介质电容器成为当前的研究重点。钛酸铋钠(BNT)由于具有较高的极化能力,在众多无铅电介质储能材料中脱颖而出。然而由于其内部电畴尺寸较大,畴与畴之间相互作用力较强,在撤去电场后,电畴无法迅速复原,导致其剩余极化较大;再者,BNT陶瓷击穿场强较低,并且在制备的过程中Bi3+和Na+挥发导致微观结构和组成成分上的不均性,这些都影响了材料的储能性能。本文针对BNT陶瓷的上述问题,从增强弛豫效果、提升击穿场强、调控相组成、采取缺陷工程策略和设计多层化结构五个方面综述了近年来提升BNT陶瓷储能性能的方法,并对这些方法进行综合分析,为改性BNT基储能陶瓷提供参考。Ceramic capacitors have been widely studied due to their advantages such as high energy storage density,fast high-power charging and dis-charging rates,and low cost,making them have potential applications in pulse power technology energy storage systems.Although lead-containing ceramic capacitors exhibit excellent performance,lead has potential hazards to the environment and human health.Therefore,the development of lead-free dielectric capacitors has become a focus of material research in this field.Sodium bismuth titanate(BNT)stands out a-mong many lead-free dielectric energy storage materials due to its high polarization ability.However,due to the large internal domain size and strong interaction forces between domains,after removing the electric field,the domains cannot quickly recover,resulting in a large residual po-larization.In addition,the low breakdown field strength of BNT ceramics and the volatilization of Bi3+and Na+during the preparation process lead to heterogeneity in microstructure and composition,all of which affect the energy storage performance of the material.This article reviews the methods for improving the energy storage performance of BNT ceramics in recent years from five aspects:enhancing relaxation effect,improving breakdown field strength,regulating phase composition,adopting defect engineering strategy,and designing multi-layer structure.These methods are comprehensively analyzed,with useful information provided for the modification of BNT-based energy storage ceramics.

关 键 词：电介质电容器 钛酸铋钠 弛豫铁电 缺陷工程 储能 

分 类 号：TQ174.1[化学工程—陶瓷工业]