施氮量、种植密度和留叶数对湘西烟区湘烟7号产量和质量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate, Planting Density and Retained Leaf Number on Yield and Quality of Xiangyan 7 in Tobacco Region of Western Hunan

作　　者：朱子健 陈娜娜 吴月莹 穰中文[1] 戴林建[1] 田明慧 田峰 易镇邪[1] Zhu Zijian;Chen Nana;Wu Yueying;Rang Zhongwen;Dai Linjian;Tian Minghui;Tian Feng;Yi Zhenxie(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;Xiangxi Branch of Hunan Tobacco Company,Jishou 416000,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2025年第1期179-186,共8页Crops

基　　金：湘西烟草公司科技项目(XX2021-2023Aa02)。

摘　　要：为明确烤烟新品种“湘烟7号”在湘西烟区的配套栽培技术措施,采用L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验研究了不同施氮量(N1:112.5 kg/hm^(2);N2:135.0 kg/hm^(2);N3:157.5 kg/hm^(2))、种植密度(D1:15 150株/hm^(2);D2:16 665株/hm^(2);D3:18 510株/hm^(2))和留叶数(L1:14片;L2:16片;L3:18片)对“湘烟7号”产量、产值与中、上部烟叶化学成分含量及物理性状的影响。结果表明,从单因素来看,随施氮量的增加,烟叶产量和产值增加,总氮和烟碱含量增加,总糖和还原糖含量降低;随着种植密度的增加,产量、产值、上等烟比例先降低后增加,高密度导致中部叶化学成分不协调;随着留叶数的增加,烟叶产量和产值提高,均价与上等烟比例显著降低,烟碱含量降低,总糖和还原糖含量提高。影响烤烟中、上部烟叶总氮、烟碱含量的首要因素为施氮量,影响烤烟中、上部烟叶物理性状的首要因素为留叶数。处理7(施氮量157.5 kg/hm^(2)、密度15 150株/hm^(2)、留叶数18片)经济性状表现最好;C3F和B2F烟叶化学成分、物理性状以处理7和9(施氮量157.5 kg/hm^(2)、种植密度18 510株/hm^(2)、留叶数16片)表现较好。综合经济性状与烟叶化学成分、物理性状,湘西烟区湘烟7号的适宜栽培技术组合为施氮量157.5 kg/hm^(2)、种植密度15 150株/hm^(2)、留叶数18片。In order to determine the supporting cultivation techniques of the new flue-cured tobacco variety“Xiangyan 7”in tobacco-growing area of western Hunan,the nitrogen application rate(N1:112.5 kg/ha;N2:135.0 kg/ha;N3:157.5 kg/ha),planting density(D1:15150 plants/ha;D2:16665 plants/ha;D3:18510 plants/ha)and the number of leaves retained(L1:14 pieces;L2:16 pieces;L3:18 pieces)on yield,output value,chemical composition content and physical properties of“Xiangyan 7”tobacco leaves.The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application,the yield and output value of tobacco leaves increased,the contents of total nitrogen and nicotine increased,and the contents of total sugar and reducing sugar decreased.With the increase of planting density,the yield,output value and the proportion of superior tobacco first decreased and then increased,and the high density led to the uncoordinated chemical composition of the middle leaves.With the increase of the number of leaves retained,the yield and output value of tobacco increased,the average price and proportion of superior tobacco decreased significantly,the content of nicotine decreased,and the contents of total sugar and reducing sugar increased.Treatment 7(nitrogen application rate was 157.5 kg/ha,planting density was 15150 plants/ha,number of leaves retained was 18)showed the best economic performance.The chemical composition and physical properties of C3F and B2F tobacco were better in treatments 7 and 9(nitrogen application rate was 157.5 kg/ha,planting density was 18510 plants/ha,number of leaves retained was 16).According to the combination of economic characteristics,chemical composition and physical characteristics of tobacco leaves,the appropriate cultivation techniques for Xiangyan 7 in tobacco area of western Hunan were nitrogen application rate of 157.5 kg/ha,planting density of 15150 plants/ha and number of leaves retained of 18.

关 键 词：湘烟7号 湘西烟区 施氮量 种植密度 留叶数 产量 质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]