缓释肥对水稻生长特性、产量及干物质积累的影响  

Effects of Slow-Release Fertilizers on Rice Growth Characteristics, Yield and Dry Matter Accumulation

作　　者：张宝龙 何军[1,2] 张艺 汤驰 张宏涛 廖薇 李飞 Zhang Baolong;He Jun;Zhang Yi;Tang Chi;Zhang Hongtao;Liao Wei;Li Fei(College of Hydraulic&Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,Hubei,China;Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,Hubei,China;Hubei Zhanghe Project Administration Bureau,Jingmen 448156,Hubei,China;South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Industrial&Development Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,443002,湖北宜昌 [2]三峡大学三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心,湖北宜昌443002 [3]湖北省漳河工程管理局,湖北荆门448156 [4]南水北调中线实业发展有限公司,浙江嘉兴100038x

出　　处：《作物杂志》2025年第1期214-219,共6页Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508302);湖北省水利重点科研项目(HBSLKY202207,HBSLKY202411)。

摘　　要：为探究缓释肥对水稻的增产潜力,2020年在湖北漳河灌区选取常规稻品种(钻两优超占)和超级稻品种(Y两优957)为试验材料,分别设置常规肥和缓释肥的处理,开展了田间效果试验。结果表明,缓释肥对超级稻和常规稻的株高、分蘖数、叶绿素、干物质积累、干物质净积累量和群体生长率皆有明显的促进作用。“超级稻+缓释肥”处理产量最高,为8644.44 kg/hm^(2)。单位面积穗数、每穗粒数和千粒重的增加是缓释肥作用下超级稻增产的主要原因,而单位面积穗数的增加是缓释肥作用下常规稻增产的主要原因。施用缓释肥可以使水稻在中后生育期有更好的干物质积累优势,增加了水稻分蘖后期至乳熟期的干物质积累量,为水稻高产提供了物质基础。In order to explore the potential of slow-release fertilizer for increasing rice yield,the conventional rice variety(Zuanliangyouchaozhan)and the super rice variety(Y Liangyou 957)were selected as experimental materials,and conventional fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer treatments were respectively set up to conduct field effect experiments in the Zhanghe Irrigation District of Hubei Province in 2020.The results showed that slow-release fertilizer had a significant promoting effect on plant height,tiller number,chlorophyll content,dry matter accumulation,net dry matter accumulation,and population growth rate of super rice and conventional rice.The yield of the“super rice+slow-release fertilizer”treatment was the highest,at 8644.44 kg/ha.The increase in number of panicles per unit area,number of grains per panicle,and 1000-grain weight were the main reason for the yield increase of super rice under the effect of slow-release fertilizer,while the increase in number of panicles per unit area was the main reason for the yield increase of conventional rice under the effect of slow-release fertilizer.The application of slow-release fertilizers can give rice a better advantage in dry matter accumulation during the middle and late growth stages,increasing the dry matter accumulation from late tillering stage to milk ripening stage,and providing a material basis for high yield of rice.

关 键 词：超级稻 缓释肥 生长特性 产量 干物质积累 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]