不同供磷水平下大白菜的生长和磷吸收策略研究  

Study on Strategies of Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Chinese Cabbage at Different Phosphorus Supply Levels

作　　者：侯赛赛 李畅 李青云[2] 王鑫鑫 Hou Saisai;Li Chang;Li Qingyun;Wang Xinxin(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,Hebei,China;College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,Hebei,China;National Research Center of Agricultural Engineering Technology in Northern Mountainous Areas,Baoding 071001,Hebei,China;Hebei Mountainous Agricultural Technology Innovation Center,Baoding 071001,Hebei,China;Hebei Institute of Mountainous Areas,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071001 [2]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071001 [3]国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心,河北保定071001 [4]河北省山区农业技术创新中心,河北保定071001 [5]河北农业大学河北省山区研究所,河北保定071001

出　　处：《作物杂志》2025年第1期220-226,共7页Crops

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(21326344D,21327005D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系项目(HBCT2021030214)。

摘　　要：磷(P)作为植物生长必需的营养元素,对植物生长代谢具有重要意义。供磷水平是影响土壤磷浓度、植物磷吸收和生长的重要因素。以大白菜(Brassica pekinensis Rupr.)为研究对象,探究供磷水平(0、2.5、5、10、25、50、100、150、300、600、900、1200 mg/kg,分别用P0、P2.5、···、P1200表示)对大白菜生长的影响及磷吸收策略。结果表明,供磷水平显著影响了大白菜地上部、根系的生长及干物质的积累和磷吸收。大白菜株高和茎粗分别在P150和P900时达最大值;随供磷水平增加,地上部干重从0.47 g增加到2.24 g,根部干重从0.06 g增加到0.23 g;地上部、根部磷浓度分别增加了197.9%和203.7%;随供磷水平增加,根长、根表面积和根直径等根系性状均先增加后降低。综上,当施用150~300 mg/kg浓度的磷时,大白菜整体生长性状最好,最有利于大白菜生长发育。低磷条件下,大白菜通过增强根系发育来增加磷吸收;而当土壤磷浓度过高时,植物将弱化根系生长,以减少对土壤中磷素的获取。As an essential nutrient element for plant growth,phosphorus(P)plays an important role in plant growth and metabolism.The P supply level affects soil P concentration and plant P uptake,and is also an important factor limiting plant growth.The effects of P supply levels(0,2.5,5,10,25,50,100,150,300,600,900,1200 mg/kg,represented by P0,P2.5,…,P1200,respectively)on the growth of Chinese cabbage(Brassica pekinensis Rupr.)and phosphorus absorption strategy were investigated.The results showed that P supply levels significantly affected the growth of shoot and root traits,dry matter accumulation and P uptake of Chinese cabbage.The maximum plant height and stem diameter of Chinese cabbage were at P150 and P900,respectively.With the increase of P supply level,the dry weight of the shoot increased from 0.47 g to 2.24 g,and the dry weight of the root increased from 0.06 g to 0.23 g.P concentrations in shoot and root increased by 197.9%and 203.7%,respectively.Root traits such as root length,root surface area and root diameter increased firstly,and then decreased with the increase of P supply level.In conclusion,in our experiment,when applyed 150-300 mg/kg of phosphorus,the overall growth characteristics of Chinese cabbage was the highest,which was the most beneficial to the growth and development of Chinese cabbage.At low P supply levels,Chinese cabbage increased P uptake by enhancing root development.However,when the P concentration is too high,plants will weaken root growth,so as to reduce the P acquisition in soil.

关 键 词：大白菜 磷 磷吸收 生长策略 根系性状 

分 类 号：S634.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]