烤烟与玉米间作种植对根际土壤养分及作物生长的影响  

Effects of Intercropping Flue-Cured Tobacco and Maize on Rhizosphere Soil Nutrients and Crop Growth

作　　者：马俊美 窦敏 刘弟 杨秀华 杨勇 年夫照[1] 刘雅婷 李永忠[1] Ma Junmei;Dou Min;Liu Di;Yang Xiuhua;Yang Yong;Nian Fuzhao;Liu Yating;Li Yongzhong(College of Tobacco Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,Yunnan,China;College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学烟草学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《作物杂志》2025年第1期227-234,共8页Crops

基　　金：中国烟草总公司“揭榜挂帅”重点项目“基于粮烟融合一体化的西南高原生态区绿色防控综合治理技术研究与应用”[110202201025(LS-09),2023530000241015];中国烟草总公司云南省公司重大科技项目(2022530000241030)。

摘　　要：为明确烤烟与玉米间作种植后根系互作对土壤养分的影响,采用盆栽方法,选择烤烟品种K326和玉米品种云瑞319(青贮玉米)、哈尼克斯(鲜食玉米)进行间作种植,探讨烤烟与玉米间作对土壤养分及烤烟和玉米生长的影响。结果表明,与烤烟单作相比,间作玉米提高了烤烟根际土壤pH、有机质和有效磷含量以及蔗糖酶和酸性磷酸酶活性;烤烟根际土壤酸性磷酸酶活性与pH、有机质含量有显著正相关关系,烤烟农艺性状与根际土壤养分有显著正相关关系。玉米与烤烟间作后,玉米根际土壤酶活性显著提高,且土壤pH及碱解氮、有效磷含量提高;玉米根际土壤酶活性与土壤养分、叶片光合作用有较强的正相关性,玉米农艺性状、干物质积累与根际土壤养分关系密切。综上所述,烤烟与玉米间作,在不同程度上提高了土壤速效养分含量,提高了根际土壤养分相关的酶活性,促进了烤烟和玉米的生长。To clarify the impact of root system interaction on soil nutrients after intercropping flue-cured tobacco and maize,a pot planting method was adopted.Choosing flue-cured tobacco variety K326 and maize varieties Yunrui 319(silage maize)and Haniks(fresh maize)for intercropping,the effects of intercropping flue-cured tobacco and maize on soil nutrients and the growth of flue-cured tobacco and maize were explored.The results showed that compared with flue-cured tobacco monoculture,intercropping maize with flue-cured tobacco increased the pH,organic matter,available phosphorus content,as well as the activities of sucrase and acid phosphatase in the rhizosphere soil of tobacco.There was a significant positive correlation between acid phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere soil of flue-cured tobacco and pH,organic matter content,and a significant positive correlation between tobacco agronomic traits and rhizosphere soil nutrients.After intercropping maize and flue-cured tobacco,the enzyme activity in the maize rhizosphere soil significantly increased,and the soil pH,alkaline nitrogen,and available phosphorus content increased.There was a strong positive correlation between enzyme activity in maize rhizosphere soil and soil nutrients and leaf photosynthesis.Maize agronomic traits and dry matter accumulation were closely related to rhizosphere soil nutrients.In summary,intercropping flue-cured tobacco and maize has increased the content of soil available nutrients to varying degrees,enhanced the enzyme activity related to rhizosphere soil nutrients,and promoted the growth of flue-cured tobacco and maize.

关 键 词：烤烟 玉米 间作 土壤酶活性 土壤养分 叶片光合作用 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S513[农业科学—作物学]