不同氮素形态配比对甜菜氮同化关键酶的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Form Ratio on Key Enzymes of Nitrogen Assimilation in Sugar Beet

作　　者：常晓 张云龙[1,2] 徐翎清 李佳佳 兴旺[1,2] 刘大丽[1,2] Chang Xiao;Zhang Yunlong;Xu Lingqing;Li Jiajia;Xing Wang;Liu Dali(National Beet Medium-Term Gene Bank/Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Sugar Beet Genetics and Breeding in Heilongjiang Province/College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]国家甜菜种质中期库/黑龙江大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]黑龙江大学省高校甜菜遗传育种重点实验室/黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《作物杂志》2025年第1期235-242,共8页Crops

基　　金：国家糖料产业技术体系项目(CARS-170102);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2023C090);甜菜种质资源安全保存(19230841);甜菜种质资源精准鉴定项目(19230709);普查甜菜资源繁种编目入库项目(19230801);甜菜分库运行服务(NCGRC-2023-017)。

摘　　要：甜菜生长发育对无机氮的吸收形态主要有2种,即铵态氮和硝态氮。不同的氮素形态在甜菜的生长过程中会产生不同的影响。以甜菜品种KWS8138为材料,设置6个不同氮素形态配比,在甜菜长出第1对真叶后的14、36、60 d进行表型和氮同化相关生理生化指标的测定。结果表明,硝酸还原酶(NR)活性与表型指标呈正相关,与谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性呈负相关;谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)活性与叶绿素呈正相关,与NR活性呈负相关。在纯硝态氮供应下生长的甜菜根长和株高等表型均显著高于其他处理组。主成分及隶属函数分析发现,纯硝态氮供应下甜菜生长指标较好,综合得分(D值)为0.737。结果为不同氮素形态配比影响甜菜氮同化效率以及甜菜生长的相关调控机制提供了理论依据。Ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen are two main absorption forms of inorganic nitrogen in the growth and development of sugar beet.The effects of different nitrogen forms on the growth of sugar beet were different.Six different nitrogen forms were established using the sugar beet variety KWS8138 as material,and phenotypic and physiological and biochemical indices were determined at 14,36,and 60 days after the first pair of true leaves were grown.The results showed that nitrate reductase(NR)activity was positively correlated with phenotypic indexes and negatively correlated with glutamine synthetase(GS)activity.Glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH)activity was positively correlated with chlorophyll and negatively correlated with NR activity.The root length and plant height phenotypes of sugar beets grown with pure nitrate nitrogen supply were significantly higher than those in other treatment groups.Using principal component analysis,all metrics were analyzed for dimensionality reduction,using membership functions to obtain specific values,and a combination of the two led to the conclusion that the sugar beet growth index was better with pure nitrate supply,with a composite score(D value)of 0.737.These results provided a theoretical basis for the effect of different nitrogen form ratio on the efficiency of nitrogen assimilation of sugar beet and the relevant regulatory mechanism of sugar beet growth.

关 键 词：甜菜 铵硝比 硝酸还原酶 谷氨酰胺合成酶 谷氨酸脱氢酶 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]