现代中国公共伦理生成的底层逻辑研究  

On the Underlying Logic of the Formation of Public Ethics in Modern China

作　　者：李萍[1] 刘丽薇 LI Ping;LIU Liwei

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院

出　　处：《社会治理》2025年第1期29-39,共11页Social Governance Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“文化强国背景下公民道德建设工程研究”(编号:21&ZD060)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：国民间的依赖关系是催生公共伦理的前提。尽管大家族模式在帝国制灭亡后的中国逐渐式微,但与家族体系相关的诸多理念从未退场,依然左右着现代中国人的行为选择。在革命时期,全盘否定家族本位主义曾成为革新社会结构的主要手段,然而,之后围绕社会伦理的种种论争一再表明需要对家族本位主义作出客观评价,它不尽是糟粕,也非全然与个人本位主义相对立。中华人民共和国成立以来,经过革命意识洗礼的家庭关系得到了保留,根本原因在于全部社会成员首先都是从家庭共同生活获得依赖关系,依赖关系以物质联结的利益依赖为核心,辅之以情感依赖。现代性家庭依赖关系是对传统家族依赖关系的改造,表现为一种“拟家族依赖关系”,为社会秩序构建提供观念性基础。在现代中国,公共伦理生成的底层逻辑是:在公共空间的交往行为这一外力作用下,家庭依赖关系向外拓展为社会依赖关系,具备调和“公”“私”的可能性,个体与他者在重复性互动中达成现代性社会共识,由此形成的公共伦理规则才能令人们自觉遵守。The dependence between the state and the people is the premise of giving birth to public ethics.Although the extended family model gradually declined in China after the demise of the imperial system,many ideas related to the family system never left the scene,and still influence the behavior choices of modern China people.In the revolutionary period,the total denial of family departmentalism has become the main means to innovate the social structure.However,the subsequent debates around social ethics have repeatedly shown that it is necessary to make an objective evaluation of family departmentalism,which is not all dross,nor is it completely opposed to individual departmentalism.Since the founding of New China,the family relationship that has been baptized by revolutionary consciousness has been preserved.The fundamental reason is that all members of society first get dependence from family living together,and the dependence is centered on the interest dependence of material connection,supplemented by emotional dependence.Modern family dependence is the transformation of traditional family dependence,which is manifested as a kind of"quasi-family dependence"and provides a conceptual basis for the construction of social order.In modern China,the underlying logic of public ethics is:under the external force of communication in public space,family dependence expands outward into social dependence,and it is possible to reconcile“public”and“private”.Only when individuals and others reach a modern social consensus in repetitive interaction can people consciously abide by the rules of public ethics.

关 键 词：公共伦理 家族 依赖关系 公私 现代性 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学] B82-05[政治法律—中外政治制度]