社区适老化改造障碍因素分析及其影响机制研究  

Analysis of Obstacle Factors of Community Aging Transformation and Their Influence Mechanisms

作　　者：毛义华[1,2] 张钊 陈青雯 MAO Yihua;ZHANG Zhao;CHEN Qingwen(College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Binhai Industrial Technology Research Institute,Zhejiang University,Tianjin 300301,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学建筑工程学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江大学滨海产业技术研究院,天津300301

出　　处：《工程管理学报》2025年第1期65-70,共6页Journal of Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(72174178);国家重点研发项目(2022YFC3601604).

摘　　要：社区居家养老是我国目前最主要的养老模式,然而大多数社区中的居住环境和配套服务均不能满足老年人的需求,社区适老化改造势在必行。但在实践中,改造遭遇了多重阻力,成效不佳。为此,综合文献和调研访谈提取12个相关障碍因素,分别从社区公共空间和家庭住宅内部两个角度出发,运用DEMATEL-ISM法解析因素关系,识别关键障碍因素;并构建了2个递阶结构,明晰因素之间的层级关系和作用路径。结果表明:宜老居住环境的内涵界定不清既是影响全局的根源因素,也和老年人家庭缺乏适老化改造意识共同成为了关键障碍因素;资金筹措和市场供给则分别是公共空间和住宅内部适老化改造的直接障碍因素,具有最大中心度。基于研究结论,提出了促进社区适老化改造落地的对策建议。Community home-based elderly care is the primary model for elderly care in China.However,the living environment and supporting services in most communities fail to meet the needs of the elderly.As a result,community aging transformation is the general trend.Unfortunately,the transformation has encountered multiple obstacles in practice,and the effect is not good enough.Based on literature and interviews,the 12 obstacle factors are identified.Using DEMATEL-ISM model,we analyzes the relationship between the factors and identifies the key barrier factors from the perspective of community public space and family housing.At the same time,two hierarchical structures are constructed to clarify the hierarchical relationship and action path between the factors.The results show that the unclear definition of the connotation of the aging suitable living environment is not only the root factor affecting the overall situation,but also the key obstacle factor together with the lack of the elderly family's awareness of aging suitable trans-formation;Fund raising and market supply are the direct obstacles to the aging transformation of public space and housing respec-tively,with the greatest centrality.Finally,based on the research's conclusion on obstacles,some countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the implementation of community aging transformation are put forward.

关 键 词：社区适老化改造 障碍因素 决策实验室分析解释结构模型 

分 类 号：TU984.115[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]