大功率汽轮机末级长叶片鼓风热的定量分析  

Quantitative Analysis of Windage Loss in the Last Stage Blades of High-power Steam Turbine

作　　者：代海红 李音[2] 韩家祺 周监令 张志英 王坤[1] DAI Hai-hong;LI Yin;HAN Jia-qi;ZHOU Jian-ling;ZHANG Zhi-ying;WANG Kun(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Dongfang Turbine Co.,Ltd.,of Dongfang Electric Corporation,Deyang 618000,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学能源与动力工程学院,武汉430070 [2]东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司,德阳618000 [3]武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《汽轮机技术》2025年第2期81-89,共9页Turbine Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB4100803)。

摘　　要：为研究大功率汽轮机在小负荷状态下末级长叶片区域的鼓风热现象,首先汇总分析了各类相关文献关于旋转叶片类结构搅拌鼓风热现象相关的定量计算公式,然后以国内某大功率600MW超临界发电汽轮机为研究对象,建立了末三级动、静叶片的流场数值模型,依据热力设计数据对其末三级多工况流场进行了数值模拟,获得了其流场分布数据。在数值分析数据的基础上探讨了负荷水平、工质密度和动力黏度等因素与鼓风热损失之间的相关性,分析表明负荷水平与鼓风热损失之间相关性更为明显,其原因主要在于长叶片级组内小负荷状态下流场存在复杂的三维特性;对文献经验公式,在汽轮机末级长叶片鼓风热损失的试算表明,其并不适用于长叶片级组内小负荷状态;最后用线性回归方法建立了鼓风热损失与负荷水平及级最高温度与负荷水平之间的经验性估算公式。本文研究方法及数据可为评估类似结构和功率等级汽轮机鼓风热损失提供参考,为机组安全运行指导提供支持。To investigate the windage loss phenomenon in the long blade region of the last stage of high-power steam turbine under low load conditions,a comprehensive analysis of various literatures on quantitative calculation formulas related to the windage loss phenomenon of rotating blade structures was first conducted.Then,focusing on a domestic 600MW supercritical power steam turbine as the research object,established a numerical model of the flow field for the last three stages of rotor and stationary blades.Combining Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)analysis with the thermal design data,conducted a simulation of the flow fields under multiple operating conditions for the last three stages.The results show that while density and viscosity show a certain correlation with windage loss,the correlation between load level and windage loss is more significant.This is primarily attributed to the three-dimensional complexity of the flow field under low-load conditions in long blade stages.Furthermore,trial calculations using empirical formulas from the literature for windage loss in the last stage long blades of turbines revealthat these formulas are not suitable for low-load conditions in long blade stages.Finally,the linear regression method is used to establish the relationship between the windage loss and the load level,as well as the relationship between the windage loss and the maximum temperature of the stage.The research methods and data presented in this paper provide a reference for assessing windage loss in steam turbines with similar structure and power grade,thereby offering data support for the safe operation guidance of the unit.

关 键 词：汽轮机 鼓风损失 CFD 叶栅 末级组 长叶片 

分 类 号：TK221[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]