有机物料混施对盐碱土壤改良与溶解性有机质荧光特征的影响  

Effects of mixed application of organic materials on saline soil amelioration and fluorescence characteristics of dissolved organic matter

作　　者：高萌 李大智 马建[2] 宋俏博 陈欣[2] GAO Meng;LI Dazhi;MA Jian;SONG Qiaobo;CHEN Xin(School of Environmental,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110161,China;Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110161,China;Shouguang City Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau Rural Social Business Development Center,Weifang 262700,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学环境学院,沈阳110161 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110161 [3]寿光市农业农村局农村社会事业发展中心,山东潍坊262700

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2025年第2期440-451,共12页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA28090300);沈阳市科技计划项目(22-317-2-10);寿光市科技发展计划项目(2022JH10)。

摘　　要：通过盐碱土菠菜盆栽实验,探讨不同有机物料混施对盐碱土壤溶解性有机质(DOM)荧光特征的影响,并明确其改良效果。实验共设置对照(CK)、单施秸秆(S)、单施生物炭(B)、秸秆和尾菜水热裂解液共施(SHA)、生物炭和尾菜水热裂解液共施(BHA)5个处理,同时利用平行因子分析法进行DOM荧光特征表征,解析菠菜产量、土壤养分与荧光组分间的关联性。结果表明:相比有机物料单施,有机物料混施对提高菠菜产量、缓解土壤盐碱效果更好,SHA、BHA处理菠菜产量较CK分别增加159.2%、81.6%,施用有机物料的各处理土壤有机质含量较CK显著增加66.3%~70.2%,实验结束时SHA处理有机质含量最高,达到4.8 g·kg^(-1);SHA处理主要通过增加盐碱土DOM中腐殖类物质和色氨酸组分含量,促进作物生长。研究表明,活性有机物料与腐殖类物质组合施用更有利于盐碱土壤改良。A spinach pot experiment containing organic materials was conducted to investigate the fluorescence characteristics of dissolved organic matter(DOM)and the improvement effect of saline-alkali soil.The experimental treatments were:control(CK),straw alone(S),biochar alone(B),straw and vegetable straw hydrothermal lysate co-application(SHA),and biochar and taille hydrothermal lysate co-application(BHA).DOM fluorescence characteristics were characterized using parallel factor analysis to resolve the correlation between spinach yield,soil nutrients,and fluorescence components.The results showed that compared with the single application of organic materials,the organic material combination was more effective in improving spinach yield and alleviating soil salinity.The spinach yield of SHA and BHA treatments increased by 159.2%and 81.6%compared with that of CK,respectively.The content of soil organic matter of all treatments increased significantly by 66.3%-70.2%,among which the SHA treatment had the highest content of organic matter,which amounted to 4.8 g·kg^(-1).SHA treatment promotes crop growth mainly by increasing the content of humic substances and tryptophan fractions in DOM of saline soils.The results indicated that combination application of organic materials and humic substances was more suitable and effective for saline soil improvement.

关 键 词：盐碱土壤 溶解性有机质 荧光 秸秆 生物炭 尾菜水热裂解液 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]