堆肥腐植酸吸附铵态氮和氨气的性能与机理  

Adsorption performance and mechanism of compost humic substances on ammonium nitrogen and ammonia

作　　者：陈豹 曹云[1,2,3,4] 孙恩惠[1,3,4] 曲萍 徐跃定[1,3] 黄红英 靳红梅[1,3,4] CHEN Bao;CAO Yun;SUN Enhui;QU Ping;XU Yueding;HUANG Hongying;JIN Hongmei(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;College of Resources and Environment,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization,Nanjing 210095,China;Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南京210014 [2]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095 [3]江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心,南京210095 [4]农业农村部种养结合重点实验室,南京210014

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2025年第2期499-508,共10页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077100)。

摘　　要：为探讨堆肥腐植酸对NH_(4)^(+)与NH_(3)的吸附效果及机理,提取并纯化农业废弃物堆肥胡敏酸(C-HA)和富里酸(C-FA),并与商品胡敏酸(B-HA)、富里酸(B-FA)吸附NH_(4)^(+)与NH_(3)效果相比较,借助元素分析仪、扫描电镜、比表面积分析(BET)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)等对腐植酸理化性质进行表征,进行了动力学吸附试验和等温吸附试验。结果表明:商品腐植酸和堆肥腐植酸的比表面积和总孔容均较小,孔隙结构不发达。C-HA的总酸性基团和酚羟基含量分别比B-HA高出27.1%、14.1%。吸附NH_(4)^(+)或NH_(3)以后,羟基对应的峰强明显变小。C-HA、B-HA对NH_(4)^(+)的最大吸附量分别为5.347、5.099 mg·g^(-1),吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程和Langmuir等温吸附模型,表明此吸附过程为单分子层吸附并受化学吸附控制。C-HA、B-HA、C-FA、B-FA对NH_(3)的吸附容量分别为38.98、23.17、57.07、66.96 mg·g^(-1)。C-HA对NH_(4)^(+)、NH_(3)的吸附容量高于B-HA,这主要与其较高的酚羟基、羧基等含氧酸性官能团的含量有关。研究表明,堆肥腐植酸具有作为NH_(4)^(+)和NH_(3)的吸附材料的潜力。To explore the adsorption effect and mechanism of humic substances derived from compost on NH_(4)^(+) and NH_(3),humic substances produced during aerobic fermentation of agricultural waste were extracted and purified to obtain humic acid(C-HA)and fulvic acid(C-FA),which were compared with commercial humic acid(B-HA)and commercial fulvic acid(B-FA)on the adsorption capacity of NH_(4)^(+) and NH_(3).Elemental analysis,scanning electron microscopy,specific surface area(BET)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)measurements were used to characterize the physiochemical properties of humic acid and fulvic acid.Dynamic adsorption and isothermal adsorption tests were conducted to analyze the adsorption behavior of humic acid on NH_(4)^(+) and NH_(3) and fulvic acid on NH_(3).The results showed that the specific surface area and total pore volume of B-HA and C-HA were small with underdeveloped pore structure.Contents of total acidic group and phenolic hydroxyl group of C-HA were 27.1%and 14.1%higher than those of B-HA.After adsorption of NH_(4)^(+) or NH_(3),the peak intensity corresponding to hydroxyl group decreased remarkably.The maximum adsorption capacities of C-HA and B-HA for NH_(4)^(+) were 5.347 mg·g^(-1) and 5.099 mg·g^(-1),respectively.The adsorption process conformed to the quasi second order kinetic equation and Langmuir isotherm adsorption model,suggesting that the adsorption process was monolayer adsorption and was controlled by chemical adsorption.The adsorption capacity of C-HA,B-HA,C-FA and B-FA for NH_(3) were 38.98,23.17,57.07 mg·g^(-1),and 66.96 mg·g^(-1),respectively.The higher adsorption capacity of C-HA for NH_(4)^(+) and NH_(3) than that of B-HA should be mainly related to the higher content of oxygen-containing acidic functional groups such as phenolic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups.In summary,compost humic substances has the potential to serve as an adsorption material for NH_(4)^(+) and NH_(3).

关 键 词：胡敏酸 富里酸 氨气 铵态氮 堆肥 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]