城市路面性能分布空间异质性解析及差异化养护分区研究  

Research on Spatial Heterogeneity in Urban Pavement Performance Distribution and Differentiated Maintenance Zones

作　　者：高倩 杜豫川[1] 刘成龙[1] 李亦舜 吴荻非 李峰 GAO Qian;DU Yu-chuan;LIU Cheng-long;LI Yi-shun;WU Di-fei;LI Feng(Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804 [2]北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2025年第2期85-101,共17页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52108411,52372305);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(22120230311);上海市科技创新行动计划项目(23QB1404900)。

摘　　要：受土地利用、道路养护等因素影响,城市中路面性能的分布呈现出显著的空间异质性。了解城市路面性能空间分布的差异及其成因,对于养护资源配置和养护计划制定具有重要意义。区别于已有研究主要关注气候等自然因素对路面性能衰变的影响,所提研究着重探究人类活动作用下,城市路面性能分布空间异质性的影响因素和特点,并进一步划分差异化的日常养护分区。基于每周更新的细粒度路面性能数据,利用地理探测器模型,识别出影响路面性能分布的关键因素及其交互作用;进而根据识别的显著因素,采用两阶段聚类方法分析,划分出具有不同空间分布特点的4类路段以及相应的养护分区。研究结果表明:人为因素如养护次数和交通设施,对路面性能分布的空间异质性有显著影响,各因素之间的交互作用能够大幅增强其对路面性能空间分布的解释性;根据显著影响因素的路段划分结果较好地表征了各路段的空间分布特点,以及其造成的不同养护需求,支持差异化养护分区的划分。研究结论可为制定数据驱动的科学养护决策提供支持,帮助优化有限的养护资源配置,提高养护效率和有效性。Affected by factors such as land use and road maintenance,the spatial distribution of urban pavement performance exhibits significant spatial heterogeneity.Understanding the differences and causes behind the spatial distribution of urban pavement performance is crucial for allocating maintenance resources and formulating maintenance plans.Unlike existing studies that primarily focus on the impact of natural factors like climate on pavement performance deterioration,this study emphasizes exploring the influencing factors and distribution characteristics of spatial heterogeneity in urban pavement performance under human activities,further categorizing differentiated routine maintenance zones.Utilizing weekly updated fine-grained pavement performance data,this research employs a geographical detector model to identify key factors affecting pavement performance distribution and their interactions.Subsequently,according to the identified significant factors,four types of road segments with distinct spatial distribution characteristics and corresponding maintenance zones were divided by two-stage clustering analysis.Results indicate that human factors such as maintenance frequency and traffic facilities significantly affect the spatial heterogeneity in pavement performance distribution.The interactions between factors can substantially enhance their explanatory power regarding the spatial distribution of pavement performance.Moreover,the division of road segments based on significant factors accurately characterizes their spatial distribution features and different maintenance needs,which further supports the division of differentiated maintenance zones.These conclusions can provide support for formulating data-driven and scientific maintenance decisions,aiding in the optimization of limited maintenance resources to improve maintenance efficiency and effectiveness.

关 键 词：路面工程 空间异质性 地理探测器 差异化养护分区 城市路面性能 细粒度数据 

分 类 号：U418[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]