钌基催化剂的碱性电解水析氢性能研究进展  

Research progress of hydrogen evolution reaction performance of ruthenium-based catalysts in alkaline water electrolysis

作　　者：袁文娟 陈郑 YUAN Wenjuan;CHEN Zheng(Wanjiang College,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,Anhui,China;School of Chemistry and Materials Science,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学皖江学院,安徽芜湖241000 [2]安徽师范大学化学与材料科学学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《精细化工》2025年第3期508-520,共13页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：安徽省科研编制计划项目(2022AH052901)。

摘　　要：碱性电解水作为极具吸引力的制氢技术,其阴极析氢反应(HER)的性能在很大程度上取决于高效的电催化剂。钌(Ru)的价格比铂(Pt)低,且具有与Pt近似的金属氢键强度,比Pt具有更高的催化水解离能力,是近年来碱性电解水制氢领域的研究热点之一。该文概述了碱性介质中析氢的基本原理、影响Ru基催化剂性能的因素及调控策略;将Ru基催化剂分为金属态Ru、Ru相关化合物和单原子Ru,对其进行分类阐述与归纳总结;各类Ru基催化剂通过组分和自身电子结构的调节,已实现明显超越Pt/C的碱性析氢活性和稳定性。最后,对目前Ru基催化剂在碱性电解水析氢的基础研究和工业化应用中存在的问题和挑战进行了讨论。未来Ru基催化剂需要深入探索的方向是灵活的低温合成策略、更先进的理论计算和标准化的电化学测量,高性能Ru基催化剂的开发将会助力未来阴离子交换膜电解水制氢技术的工业化和商品化。Alkaline water electrolysis,a highly attractive hydrogen production technology,largely depends on the performance of efficient electrocatalysts for cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction.Catalyst Ru,having a lower price,similar metal hydrogen bond strength,and a stronger water dissociation ability in comparison to Pt,has become one of the research hotspots in the fields of hydrogen production from alkaline water electrolysis.Herein,the basic principle of hydrogen evolution in alkaline media and the factors affecting the performance of Ru-based catalysts as well as the regulation strategies were reviewed.Ru-based catalysts were then summarized from in terms of metallic Ru,Ru related compounds and single atom Ru,with various Ru-based catalysts achieving significantly higher alkaline hydrogen evolution activity and stability than Pt/C through adjustment on the composition and electronic structure.Finally,the existing problems and challenges in the basic research and industrial application of Ru-based electrocatalysts in alkaline water electrolysis for hydrogen evolution were discussed.It was pointed out that the future direction of Ru-based catalyst exploration should focus on flexible low temperature synthesis strategies,more advanced theoretical calculations and standardized electrochemical measurements.The development of high-performance Ru-based catalysts will help the industrialization and commercialization of hydrogen production technology by anion exchange membrane electrolysis in the future.

关 键 词：钌 电催化剂 析氢反应 电解水 纳米粒子 单原子 

分 类 号：TQ426[化学工程] TQ116.2