涂料用苯丙乳液的制备、复配及性能  

Preparation,compounding and properties of styrene-acrylic emulsions for coating

作　　者：陈阳芳 白阳 段仪豪 高腾腾 费贵强 CHEN Yangfang;BAI Yang;DUAN Yihao;GAO Tengteng;FEI Guiqiang(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi'an 710021,Shaanxi,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry,Xi'an 710021,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学化工学院,陕西西安710021 [2]陕西省轻化工助剂重点实验室,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《精细化工》2025年第3期668-677,共10页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：陕西省教育厅产业化项目(19jC010);陕西省特支计划—科技创新人才项目;陕西省重点研发项目(2020GY-243)。

摘　　要：以硬单体苯乙烯、软单体丙烯酸丁酯和丙烯酸异辛酯、功能单体丙烯酸为原料,通过调整硬软单体质量比值(记为h/s)、乳化剂(十二烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠)用量和合成工艺制备了一系列不同h/s、不同粒径的苯丙乳液,考察了h/s和不同粒径比对复配乳液、乳液胶膜和涂膜性能的影响,并构建了不同粒径比复配乳液模型。采用FTIR、AFM、SEM、TGA、DSC对样品进行了表征,对样品的黏度、稳定性、粒径、吸水率、水接触角及力学性能进行了测试。结果表明,硬相占比(即硬相苯丙乳液质量占复配苯丙乳液总质量的百分数,下同)均为50%的苯丙乳液与复配乳液的特性存在明显差异,复配乳液平均粒径更小(91 nm),体系更稳定,乳液胶膜吸水率更低;复配乳液中,当硬相占比从30%增至60%时,乳液胶膜的吸水率从3.95%降至2.65%,水接触角从75.45°升至104.15°,拉伸强度随着硬相占比的增加而增加,但当硬相占比>60%时,乳液胶膜变脆,硬相占比50%的复配乳液胶膜的耐水性和机械性能更好,复配乳液的粒径比越大,其在室温下越难成膜。将复配乳液应用于水性涂料中,当硬相占比为30%时,粒径比基本相同的涂膜的光泽度最高,达到81.4°,粒径比较小的涂膜抗冲击性最高,为100 cm,硬相占比从30%增至50%时,不同粒径比的涂膜铅笔硬度均有所提升,其中,粒径基本相同的涂膜铅笔硬度从B增至H。A series styrene-acrylic emulsions with different mass ratios(recorded as h/s)of hard monomer to soft monomers and different particle sizes were prepared from hard monomer styrene,soft monomers butyl acrylate and isooctyl acrylate as well as functional monomer acrylic acid by adjusting h/s,emulsifier(sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate)amount and synthesis technology.The effects of h/s and different particle size ratios on the properties of compound emulsions,emulsion films and coatings were analyzed,and the compound emulsion models with different particle size ratios were constructed.The samples were characterized by FTIR,AFM,SEM,TGA,and DSC,and evaluated on their viscosity,stability,particle size,water absorption rate,water contact angle,and mechanical properties.The results showed that,when the hard phase ratio(the mass of hard phase styrene-acrylic emulsion account for the total mass of the compound styrene-acrylic emulsions,the same below)was 50%,the styrene-acrylic emulsions and the compound emulsions exhibited significantly different characteristics,with the compound emulsion having smaller average particle size(91 nm),more stable system,and lower emulsion film water absorption.The compound emulsion,when the proportion of hard phase increased from 30%to 60%,showed a decrease from 3.95%to 2.65%in the emulsion film water absorption rate,an increase from 75.45°to 104.15°in the water contact angle,and enhancement in the tensile strength.However,the emulsion film became brittle when the proportion of hard phase>60%.The compound emulsion film with 50%hard phase displayed better water resistance and mechanical properties,and the larger the particle size ratio of compound emulsion was,the more difficult it was to form film at room temperature.The compound emulsion was applied to waterborne coatings.When the proportion of hard phase was 30%,the coating with basically the same particle size ratio exhibited the highest gloss(81.4°).The impact resistance of the coating with a small particle size was the highe

关 键 词：苯丙乳液 乳液复配 硬相占比 粒径比 机械性能 丙烯酸化学品 

分 类 号：TQ630.7[化学工程—精细化工]