不同用量有机肥对胡麻生长及根际细菌群落的影响  

Responses of Flax Growth and Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities to Different Dosage of Organic Fertilizer

作　　者：郭娜 李若楠 白苇 马建富 李爱荣 乔海明 刘栋 郭英杰 李峰 GUO Na;LI Ruonan;BAI Wei;MA Jianfu;LI Airong;QIAO Haiming;LIU Dong;GUO Yingjie;LI Feng(Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangjiakou 075000,China;College of Agronomy,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]张家口市农业科学院,河北张家口075000 [2]河北农业大学农学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《华北农学报》2025年第1期146-156,共11页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-14-2-03);农业节水科技创新专项(21327005D)。

摘　　要：为探究有机肥对胡麻生理生长和根际细菌群落的影响,探索旱地胡麻的绿色高产栽培技术,基于大田试验,以坝选三号为材料,研究4个不同施肥处理(T0:不施;T1:低量牛粪;T2:中量牛粪;T3:高量牛粪)对胡麻生理生长、氮素利用、干物质积累的影响,解析根际细菌群落多样性、群落组成、共现网络和代谢途径变化,探讨驱动细菌群落差异的环境因素。结果表明,T3处理胡麻产量较高,与对照相比,该施肥条件下株高、单株有效蒴果数、千粒质量和氮肥利用效率指标也最高,这是施用有机肥后产量稳定的生理基础。胡麻根际土壤细菌的多样性和丰富度受有机肥施用的显著影响,根际细菌菌群结构也存在显著差异。胡麻根际细菌的菌群结构受有机质、全氮、速效钾的影响,不同处理胡麻根际细菌均具有相同的优势菌群,但各优势菌群的相对丰度存在较大差异。胡麻根际以变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门和拟杆菌门为优势菌门。变形菌门和放线菌门随着有机肥施用量的增加而增加,放线菌门随有机肥施用量的增加而降低。WGCNA分析鉴定15个共表达模块,其中Red和Pink模块与有机质(OM)显著正相关。有机肥的施用增加了细菌网的复杂度,结合WGCNA分析鉴定出7个关键OTUs。综上,有机肥的施用促进了胡麻的生长,改变了胡麻根际土壤的细菌群落结构和网络复杂度。To explore the impact of organic fertilizer on the physiological growth of flax and the rhizosphere bacterial communities,and to investigate green high-yield cultivation techniques for flax in dryland,a field experiment was conducted using Baxuan No.3 as the material.The study examined the effects of four different fertilization treatments(T0:no application;T1:low quantity of cow manure;T2:medium cow manure;T3:high quantity of cow manure)on the physiological growth changes,nitrogen utilization,dry matter accumulation,and the diversity,community composition,co-occurrence networks,and metabolic pathways of the rhizosphere bacteria of flax,as well as discussing the environmental factors driving the differences in bacterial communities.The results showed that the T3 treatment resulted in higher flax production.Compared to the control,this fertilization condition also had the highest indicators for plant height,capsule fruit number per plant,thousand-grain weight,and nitrogen use efficiency,which form the physiological basis for stable yield following the application of organic fertilizer.The application of organic fertilizer significantly affected the diversity and richness of the rhizosphere soil bacteria of flax,and there were significant differences in the structure of the rhizosphere bacterial community.The population structure of the rhizosphere bacteria of flax was influenced by organic matter,total nitrogen,and available phosphorus.The dominant flora in the rhizosphere of flax was the same across different treatments,but the relative abundance of each dominant flora varied significantly.The rhizosphere of flax was dominated by the phyla Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Acidobacteria,Chloroflexi,and Bacteroidetes.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria increased with the increase of organic fertilizer treatments,while that of Acidobacteria decreased with the increase of organic fertilizer treatments.WGCNA analysis identified 15 co-expression modules,with the Red and Pink modules showing a signi

关 键 词：胡麻 有机肥 根际微生物组 互作网络构建 细菌多样性 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]