八眉猪和大白猪乳成分、血清生化及泌乳相关基因的比较分析  

Comparation and Analysis of Milk Composition,Serum Biochemistry and Lactation-related Genes of Bamei Pigs and Yorkshire Pigs

作　　者：付盼盼 胡慧慧 李杰[1] 赵进 王鹏飞[1] 尚学峰 张森[1] 黄晓宇[1,3] FU Panpan;HU Huihui;LI Jie;ZHAO Jin;WANG Pengfei;SHANG Xuefeng;ZHANG Sen;HUANG Xiaoyu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation of Shizi Town,Lingtai County,Pingliang 744404,China;Gansu Province Modern Pig Engineering Technology Research Center,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]灵台县什字镇畜牧兽医工作站,甘肃平凉744404 [3]甘肃省现代养猪工程技术创新中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《华北农学报》2025年第1期215-223,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32360819);甘肃农业大学畜牧学养猪产业技术创新团队(GAU-XKTD-2022-25);甘肃地方猪种质资源保护及品质提升项目(GSLK-2021-13)。

摘　　要：旨在比较分析国内地方猪种八眉猪和引入猪种大白猪两品种猪泌乳期的乳成分、血清生化指标及泌乳相关基因Leptin、LF的表达水平。选取健康状况良好,体况基本一致,胎次、配种期和分娩期接近(3 d内)的纯种八眉猪和大白猪各6头,于八眉猪和大白猪分娩(即泌乳第1天)、泌乳第7,14,21,28天,分别采集八眉猪和大白猪乳汁50 mL,血清及全血样本各2 mL,用于测定乳汁营养成分和血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、甘油三酯(TG)、尿素氮(BUN)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)等指标,及Leptin、LF基因的表达情况。结果表明,泌乳第1天除了乳脂(Fat)外,八眉猪初乳中酪蛋白(CS)、总蛋白(TP)、总固形物(TS)、非脂乳固体(SNF)、乳糖(L)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)含量和酸度(Acidity)均极显著高于大白猪;八眉猪泌乳第21天的CS、TP、Fat、TS、SNF和L含量极显著低于大白猪。两猪种血清生化指标在泌乳期呈现不同的变化趋势,八眉猪在泌乳第1天,ALT、AST、GLB、BUN以及TG含量显著高于大白猪,而ALP、ALB含量显著低于大白猪。泌乳第1天,Leptin基因和LF基因在八眉猪和大白猪之间差异不显著,但自第7天起,大白猪Leptin基因表达量均极显著高于八眉猪,八眉猪LF基因表达水平均极显著高于大白猪。总的来说,2种猪的乳营养成分随泌乳期的延长呈下降趋势,Leptin基因和LF基因的表达量很有可能与2种猪的产奶量和乳品质有关,有待进一步验证。This study aimed to compare and analyze the milk composition,serum biochemical indices and expression levels of Leptin and LF genes during lactation between Bamei pigs and Yorkshire pigs.The six purebred Bamei pigs and Yorkshire pigs with healthy body conditions were selected respectively,which also had close parity,mating and delivery periods(within three days).A total of 50 mL milk,2 mL serum and 2 mL whole blood samples were collected from Bamei pigs and Yorkshire pigs on the 1st,7th,14th,21st and 28th day after delivery,respectively.Then,the milk,serum and whole blood samples were used to detect the milk compositions,serum indexes of alkaline phosphatase(ALP),albumin(ALB),globulin(GLB),triglyceride(TG),urea nitrogen(BUN),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and the expression levels of Leptin and LF genes.The results showed that on the 1st day of lactation in Baimei pigs,in addition to milk fat(Fat),the content of casein(CS),total protein(TP),total solid matter(TS),non-fat milk solids(SNF),lactose(L),free fatty acid(FFA)and acidity in the colostrum of Bamei pigs were all extremely significantly higher than those in the colostrum of Yorkshire pigs,while,the content of CS,TP,Fat,TS,SNF and L of Bamei pigs on the 21st day after delivery were extremely significantly lower than those of Yorkshire pigs.The serum biochemical indexes of two pig breeds showed different trends during the whole lactation.The content of ALT,AST,GLB,BUN and TG of Bamei pigs were significantly higher than those of Yorkshire pigs on the 1st day after delivery,while the content of ALP and ALB were all significantly lower than those of Yorkshire pigs.There were no different levels of these two genes on the 1st day,however,from the 7th day after delivery,the expression levels of LF in the Bamei pigs were significantly different than those in the Yorkshire pigs,while Leptin gene was extremely significantly expressed in Yorkshire pigs than in Bamei pigs.In general,the milk nutrients of Bamei and Yorkshire pigs showed

关 键 词：八眉猪 大白猪 泌乳期 乳成分 血清生化指标 基因表达 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]