中国地域建筑的新起点  

A new beginning for Chinese regionalism

作　　者：李士桥[1] LI Shiqiao

机构地区：[1]美国弗吉尼亚大学建筑学院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2025年第1期7-11,共5页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

摘　　要：地域建筑的概念起源于欧美建筑对全球化现代建筑的批评;现代建筑的中心观念之一是建筑的普遍性,即脱离传统的建筑对世界各地都有一定的可行性。而地域建筑认为,建筑应该与地域的特殊条件相结合,包括文化、气候、材料和技术等。本文指出这个以欧美文化为参照的“地域建筑”的概念从萌芽时期就没充分考虑“非西方”对“地域性”带来的可能性。现代建筑的普遍性和地方性是西方文化对建筑的特殊想象、定义和实践。中国文化植根于象形文字,并将其内化为一种建构世界的思维方式。其“建筑”的思想中心并不是功能为基础,以独立单体为目标的“建造”,而是刻意追求生活和系统之间的互存,从中得出山水园林的意境。从宏观的角度看,这个理解建筑的区别表现了印欧文明和中国文明对建造世界的不同的基本想象。如何以这个中国“特质”为参照来重构地域建筑,是中国建筑的一个特殊机会。Regionalism in architecture as an idea emerged from a critical response to globalized modernism in architecture;one of the main claims of modernism is its general applicability once it separated from the specificities of cultural traditions.Regionalism argues that architecture should be integrated into local conditions,including culture,climate,materials,technologies,etc.This paper,argues that the conceptual framework of“regionalist architecture”,from the outset,never fully considered the“non-west”in the formation of regionalism.The universality of modern architecture and its regionalist other stem from a specific cultural imagination and practice.Regionalism appeared in the late twentieth century in the critical writings of,among others,Alexander Tzonis,Liane Lefaivre,and Kenneth Frampton,who resisted the“trivialization”of architecture in postmodern architecture at the 1980 Venice Biennale.There are two main theoretical groundings of their critical writings:a Kantian dialectic of homogeneity and heterogeneity,and a Heideggerian critique of superficiality in architecture.Seeing from a distance of forty-five years,these theoretical formulations were integral parts of a modernization of architecture in Europe and America since the 17th century.In doing so,a wide range of examples of architecture from the world had been brought into these debates to demonstrate“otherness”in design and theory.This development,ironically,was reductive by being inclusive.The resulting condition,strongly present today,is one of homogenized“global architecture”that is both wonderfully open-minded and disappointingly distorted.The project of reconsidering regionalism in China therefore becomes an important opportunity to reconsider this history of regionalism.It is an opportunity to reframe the conversation.After decades of fulfilling the expectations of regionalist architecture defined in Europe and America,Chinese architecture is poised to take a critical review of its recent past;a review of future possibilities of

关 键 词：地域建筑 印欧文化 物化思维 中国式思维 对话 

分 类 号：TU201[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]