基于主被动式耦合的寒冷地区既有住区建筑低碳改造优化设计研究  

Research on optimization design of low-carbon retrofitting of existing residential community in cold zone based on active-passive coupling

作　　者：袁景玉[1] 霍悄 姚胜 黄丽颖 刘璇 YUAN Jingyu;HUO Qiao;YAO Sheng;HUANG Liying;LIU Xuan

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学建筑与艺术设计学院 [2]天津铁道职业技术学院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2025年第1期129-137,共9页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(23YJCZH276);2024年度河北省社会科学发展研究课题(202402086)。

摘　　要：为改善我国寒冷地区既有住区存量大、能耗高、室内热环境差等问题,本文针对寒冷地区城镇住宅建筑进行调研梳理,并选取典型居住小区作为研究对象,依托Grasshopper平台对主被动式节能技术展开并行优化,提出了适用于寒冷地区既有住区建筑的最佳低碳改造方案。结果表明:第一,低碳改造决策阶段,环境效益、经济效益、热舒适性所占权重分别为24.46%、30.25%、45.28%;第二,被动式技术寻优结果中外墙保温层材质为XPS,屋顶保温层材质为岩棉板;主动式技术寻优结果中立面光伏板铺设层数为5层,屋顶光伏板面积占比为0.5。与典型模型相比,优化后全生命周期改造增量环境效益为355.06 kgCO_(2)/m^(2)、全生命周期改造增量经济效益为1197.75元/m^(2)、预测不满意百分比为16.8%,降低了10%。因此,主被动耦合并行优化方法在既有住区低碳化改造设计中具有广阔的应用前景。With the continuous improvement in people’s quality of life,the energy consumption and carbon emissions from residential buildings under traditional energy production methods have been increasing.Existing residential buildings,due to era of construction and energy consumption loss during operation,are often found to fail to meet current living standards and thus are recognized as having significant potential for retrofitting.The application of photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies is acknowledged as offering substantial potential for carbon reduction.However,in cold zone,the significant seasonal variations of heating and air conditioning energy consumption,as well as solar energy resources,make it difficult for the high emission reduction potential of existing residential areas to be matched with low investment costs.Furthermore,in previous studies,a sequential relationship between active and passive building technologies was typically shown,with passive retrofitting being followed by the installation of active systems for maximum energy efficiency.However,the optimization of the sequence of active and passive technologies in residential buildings can lead to resource wastage,issues of overlap and poor compatibility between different types of energy efficiency technologies are often encountered.Therefore,for existing residential buildings,research and analysis on the coordinated use of both active and passive energy efficiency measures are urgently needed to be conducted.This study aims to address issues such as large inventory,high energy consumption,and poor indoor thermal environment of existing residential community in cold zone of China.In this paper,urban residential buildings in cold zone were focused on,with basic building information being gathered through surveys and analyses,and Yunshanli Community was identified as a typical residential community.Using the Grasshopper platform,a basic model of the selected typical existing residential community was built,with the constraints of active and pass

关 键 词：既有住区 低碳化改造 主被动式耦合 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TU201.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]