流域综合规划的国际经验及对完善流域空间规划治理的启示  

International experience of comprehensive river basin planning and its enlightenment of the improvement of spatial planning governance of river basin

作　　者：王高远 陈天[1] 王岱蕾 WANG Gaoyuan;CHEN Tian;WANG Dailei

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院 [2]中规院(北京)规划设计有限公司

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2025年第1期173-181,共9页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52078329);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(52061160366)。

摘　　要：流域国土空间规划治理是实现流域高质量发展的重要议题。首先,简要回顾并反思我国流域治理的发展历程,认为区域—要素统筹薄弱、事权职能衔接疏松、发展规律尊重不足是当前流域治理的主要问题;其次,简述美国、芬兰与澳大利亚的流域综合规划实践,分别从用途管控引导空间战略、政策权威结合工具科学、组织协同保障决策适应三方面借鉴其先进经验并分析对我国的适用性;最后,结合国土空间规划体系构建与治理能力现代化转型,提出创新和完善我国流域国土空间规划治理的思路,包括资源禀赋与功能定位匹配、空间事权与规划体系整合、弹性决策与跨界权衡并重、动态评估与信息管理同步。The territorial planning and governance of river basin is an important issue in achieving high quality development of the basin.As a crucial component of national land space,the high-quality development of watersheds aligns intrinsically with the construction of spatial governance systems.Watersheds have become essential units for advancing the modernization of the national governance system.The establishment of the national spatial planning system offers an opportunity to reshape the spatial order of river basin governance,presenting new propositions and higher standards for watershed planning and management.The development of watersheds necessitates maximizing comprehensive benefits,with coordination,stability,and sustainability as core elements.Drawing from global experiences,comprehensive watershed planning emerges as a vital tool to ensure effective and favorable watershed governance development.However,China’s current watershed planning and governance encounter issues such as management fragmentation,system disconnection,outdated methods,and unclear boundaries.Addressing how to allocate resources,optimize planning systems comprehensively,and collaborate with a wide array of stakeholders to implement development concepts and governance goals is crucial.This approach aims to scientifically plan the ecological protection and high-quality development of watersheds,making it an urgent concern in watershed spatial governance.This paper first briefly reviews and reflects on the development process of river governance in China.China’s integrated watershed management is continually innovating and has undergone four main periods since the founding of New China:the development of traditional water conservancy,the advancement of water-related projects,integrated watershed management,and the concept of a life community encompassing mountains,waters,forests,fields,lakes,and grasses.At present,watershed planning and governance are characterized by three main problems.The first is the weak coordination of regional-elem

关 键 词：流域综合规划 国际经验 空间治理 流域国土空间规划 治理现代化 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]