盐胁迫下外源水杨酸对甘蓝幼苗生理特性的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Salicylic Acid on Physiological Characteristics of Brassica oleracea Seedlings under Salt Stress

作　　者：李晶菲 李梦娇 庞青青 战志鹏 刘杨 郭明慧 李大伟[1] 黄炜[1] 许忠民[1] LI Jingfei;LI Mengjiao;PANG Qingqing;ZHAN Zhipeng;LIU Yang;GUO Minghui;LI Dawei;HUANG Wei;XU Zhongmin(College of Horticulture,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《蔬菜》2025年第3期30-38,共9页Vegetables

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1200100);陕西省重点研发计划(2024NC-YBXM-030);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-23-G22)。

摘　　要：为探究干旱、半干旱地区甘蓝抗盐栽培措施,以甘蓝品种‘秦甘50’为试材,采用水培方法,设置叶面喷施蒸馏水(CK)、叶面喷施100μmol/L水杨酸(SA)、人工模拟150 mmol/L NaCl盐胁迫和150 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下喷施100μmol/L水杨酸(SA+NaCl)4组处理,分析处理后幼苗的植株形态、生物量、根系活力、叶绿素含量、矿质元素吸收量、抗氧化酶活性、活性氧积累量和叶片脂膜过氧化等指标,研究水杨酸(SA)对盐胁迫下甘蓝幼苗生理特性的影响。结果表明:在盐胁迫下,喷施100μmol/L SA的甘蓝幼苗株高、茎粗、地上部鲜/干质量、地下部鲜/干质量、根系活力、叶绿素含量分别较NaCl组极显著提高108.02%、74.75%、73.27%、81.82%、138.71%、200.00%、564.68%、43.16%,叶片细胞Na^(+)含量较NaCl组极显著降低了17.74%,K^(+)含量极显著提高41.36%,Na^(+)/K^(+)比值极显著下降41.96%,维持了甘蓝植株体内的离子平衡;组织化学染色结果表明,与CK相比盐胁迫造成了严重的叶片损伤和活性氧(ROS)积累,导致叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))含量和超氧阴离子(O_(2)^(-))含量增高,而喷施100μmol/L SA后,甘蓝幼苗中的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性分别较NaCl组极显著提高了36.67%、74.15%和25.73%,MDA含量、H_(2)O_(2)含量、O_(2)^(-)含量分别极显著降低13.48%、24.84%、6.01%,抗氧化酶活性的显著提高减少了盐胁迫下的活性氧累积,维持了甘蓝幼苗细胞内氧化还原稳态,从而提升了甘蓝幼苗的抗氧化能力。SA组与CK相比各指标均无显著变化。由此得出,外源喷施100μmol/L SA对甘蓝幼苗在盐胁迫下的生长具有积极的调控作用。In order to explore the salt-resistant cultivation measures of cabbage in arid and semi-arid areas,the cabbage variety'Qingan 50'was used as the test material,four treatments were set up by hydroponics,including spraying distiled water(CK),spraying 100μmol/L SA(SA),artificially simulating 150 mmol/L NaCI salt stress and spraying 100μmol/L SA(SA+NaCI)under 150 mmol/L NaCl stress.The effects of salicylic acid on the physiological characteristics of cabbage seedlings under salt stress were studied by analyzing the plant morphology,biomass,root activity,chlorophyll content,mineral element absorption,antioxidant enzyme activity,reactive oxygen species accumulation and lipid membrane peroxidation of leaf membrane lipidized leaves.The results showed that under salt stress,plant height,stem diameter,aboveground fresh/dry weight,underground fresh/dry weight,root activity and chlorophyll content of cabbage seedlings sprayed with 100μmol/L SA extremely significantly increased by 108.02%,74.75%,73.27%,81.82%,138.71%,200.00%,564.68%,43.16%compared with NaCl group,respectively,while the Na'content of leaf cells extremely significantly decreased by 17.74%,K content extremely significantly increased by 41.36%,and the Na/K^(+)ratio was extremely significantly decreased by 41.96%and the ion balance in cabbage plants was maintained.Histochemical staining indicated that salt stress caused serious leaf damage and accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),resulting in the increase of malondialdehyde(MDA)content,hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))content and superoxide anion(O,)content in leaves.After spraying 100μmol/L SA,the activities of catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in cabbage seedlings extremely significantly increased by 36.67%,74.15%and 25.73%than those of NaCl group,respectively,while MDA content,H_(2)O_(2) content and 02 content were extremely significantly decreased by 13.48%,24.84%and 6.01%,respectively.The significant increase of antioxidant enzyme activity reduced the accumulation of reactive o

关 键 词：盐胁迫 水杨酸 甘蓝 生理特性 组织化学染色 离子含量 抗氧化酶活性 

分 类 号：S635[农业科学—蔬菜学]