一种西瓜叶部新病害的病原菌(木贼镰刀菌)鉴定  

Pathogen(Fusarium equisetum)Identification of A New Disease of Watermelon Leaves

作　　者：徐茂 史越 张春红 宋顺华[2] 耿丽华[2] XU Mao;SHI Yue;ZHANG Chunhong;SONG Shunhua;GENG Lihua(Beijing Shunyi District Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 101300,China;Beijing Vegetable Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(North China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,Beijing 100097,China;Beijing Shunyi District Agricultural Technology Integrated Service Center,Beijing 101300,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市顺义区农业科学研究所,北京101300 [2]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所农业农村部华北地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,北京100097 [3]北京市顺义区农业技术综合服务中心,北京101300

出　　处：《蔬菜》2025年第3期39-44,共6页Vegetables

基　　金：特色作物产业技术体系北京市创新团队专项(BAIC04-2025)。

摘　　要：2021年在北京市顺义区西瓜种植大棚发生一种新症状的叶部病害,与以往报道的叶部病害差异很大。为了明确西瓜叶部新症状病害的病原菌种类,为西瓜新发生病害的有效防控和发展机制研究提供科学支撑,采集典型发病西瓜叶片进行病原菌分离,采用形态学和分子生物学方法开展了病原菌鉴定。结果表明:该病原菌形态学特征表现为在PDA培养基上形成圆形菌落,气生菌丝白色,且有淡褐色色素产生;25℃条件下平均生长速率为12.7 mm/d左右;在寄主上可产生大型分生孢子。rDNA-ITS序列和EF-1α序列分析法鉴定结果表明,该病原菌(SYXZB2021-6)DNA序列与木贼镰刀菌Fusarium equiseti同源性最高,达99.7%,且在系统发育树中2者聚在了一起。因此,确定了西瓜叶部症状新病害的病原菌为木贼镰刀菌Fusarium equiseti。In 2021,a new symptom of leaf disease occurred in watermelon greenhouses in Shunyi District of Beijing,which was significantly different from previously reported leaf diseases.In order to clarify the pathogen species causing new symptoms of watermelon leaf diseases and provide scientific support for the effective prevention and control as well as the study of their development mechanisms,typical diseased watermelon leaves were collected for pathogen isolation,and morphological and molecular biology methods were used for pathogen identification.The results showed that the morphological characteristics of the pathogen were the formation of circular colonies on PDA medium,with white aerial hyphae and light brown pigment.The average growth rate at 25 C was around 12.7 mm/d,and large conidia of the pathogen could be produced on the host.The identification results of rDNA-ITS sequence and EF-1αsequence analysis showed that the DNA sequence of the pathogen(SYXZB2021-6)had the highest homology with Fusarium equiseti,reaching 99.7%,and the pathogen(SYXZB2021-6)and Fusarium equiseti were clustered together in the phylogenetic tree.Therefore,the pathogen responsible for the new disease of watermelon leaf symptoms was identified as Fusarium equiseti.

关 键 词：西瓜 叶部新症状病害 病原鉴定 木贼镰刀菌 形态学 分子生物学 

分 类 号：S436.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]