营养液减量氮处理对不同樱桃番茄品种品质和产量的影响  

Effects of Reduced Nitrogen Treatment in Nutrient Solution on the Quality and Yield of Different Cherry Tomato Varieties

作　　者：张静[1] 张祎洋 梁敏 张瑶 祁烁锟 吴龙国[1,3] ZHANG Jing;ZHANG Yiyang;LIANG Min;ZHANG Yao;QI Shuokun;WU Longguo(School of Wine and Horticulture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Institute of Food Testing,Yinchuan 750001,China;Ningxia Modern Facility Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏食品检测研究院,宁夏银川750001 [3]宁夏现代设施园艺工程技术研究中心,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《蔬菜》2025年第3期51-59,共9页Vegetables

基　　金：国家重点研发计划子课题专项(2021YFD1600302-3);宁夏重点研发计划项目(2021BEB04077)。

摘　　要：为探究营养液减量氮处理对樱桃番茄植株生长发育的影响,以小红果、香妃3号、香妃9号3个樱桃番茄为试验材料,设置T_(1)(4.00 g/L)、T_(2)(8.00 g/L)、T_(3)(12.00 g/L)、T_(4)(CK,16.00 g/L)4种氮浓度的营养液,对番茄植株生长、果实品质和产量相关指标进行测定。结果表明:在生长指标(株高、茎粗、叶片数)方面,第1次开花期,各品种株高均在T_(2)处理下最高,茎粗、叶片数在T_(2)、T_(3)处理下与T_(4)(CK)均无显著性差异;第2次开花期,小红果和香妃3号的株高在T_(2)处理下最高,香妃9号在T_(3)处理下最高,各番茄品种的茎粗随着施用营养液氮浓度的增加而增加,但对香妃3号影响不显著,T_(2)、T_(3)处理下各品种叶片数与T_(4)(CK)间均无显著差异。不同氮素浓度营养液对小红果和香妃9号的叶绿素含量均无显著影响(第1次开花期T_(2)处理下的香妃9号除外),但3个减量氮处理均会在第1次开花期造成香妃3号叶绿素含量显著下降。不同番茄品种POD活性对不同氮浓度营养液的敏感程度不一样,T_(2)处理下的小红果和T_(3)处理下的香妃9号POD活性较T_(4)(CK)显著提升。果实综合品质上,T_(4)(CK)处理下各品种综合品质最好,T_(2)、T_(3)处理下的小红果,T_(3)处理下的香妃9号以及T_(2)处理下的香妃3号的综合品质与T_(4)(CK)无显著性差异。产量方面,T_(1)处理下小红果、香妃9号及香妃3号单株产量均最好,其中香妃3号和香妃9号与T_(4)(CK)间差异达显著水平。综上,4.00 g/L氮浓度处理利于提高樱桃番茄产量;16.00 g/L处理下果实品质最好,但8.00、12.00 g/L氮浓度处理在植株生长及果实品质方面与16.00 g/L处理区别不大,可作为减氮施肥方案在生产中应用,但需针对具体品种进行适当调整。To explore the effects of reduced nitrogen in nutrient solution on the growth and development of cherry tomato plants,three cherry tomato varieties,namely'Xiaohongguo''Xiangfei No.3'and Xiangfei No.9',were used as experimental materials.Four nutrient solutions with different nitrogen concentrations were set,which were T,(4.00 g/L),T,(8.00 g/L),T,(12.00 g/L)and T_(4)(CK)(16.00 g/L).The relevant indicators of plant growth,the quality of fruits and the yield were measured.The results showed that in terms of growth indicators(plant height,stem diameter and number of leaves),at the first flowering stage,the plant height of each variety was the highest under the T_(2) treatment,and there was no significant difference in the stem diameter and the number of leaves between the T_(2),T_(3),treatments and the T_(4)(CK)treatment.At the second flowering stage,the plant height of'Xiaohongguo'and'Xiangfei No.3'was the highest under the T,treatment,and the plant height of'Xiangfei No.9'was the highest under the T,treatment.The stem diameter of each tomato variety increased with the increase of the nitrogen concentration of the applied nutrient solution,but it had no significant effect on'Xiangfei No.3'.There was no significant difference in the number of leaves among different treatments of each variety under the T_(2),T,treatment.The nutrient solution with different nitrogen concentrations had no significant effect on the chlorophyll content of'Xiaohongguo'and Xiangfei No.9'(except for'Xiangfei No.9'under the T,treatment at the first flowering stage),but the three reduced nitrogen treatment caused a significant decrease in the chlorophyll content of Xiangfei No.3'at the first flowering stage.The sensitivity of POD activities in different tomato varieties to the nutrient solution with different nitrogen concentrations were different.The POD activities of'Xiaohongguo'under the T,treatment and'Xiangfei No.9'under the T,treatment were significantly higher than those under the T_(4)(CK)treatment.In terms of the comprehensive quality

关 键 词：氮素浓度 樱桃番茄 营养液 品质 产量 品种 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]