不同薄壳山核桃品种(系)对自然干旱胁迫的生理响应及抗旱性评价  

hysiological Response and Drought Resistance Evaluation of Different Carya illinoinensis Cultivars(Lines)to Natural Drought Stress

作　　者：苗婷婷[1] 吴中能[1] 刘俊龙[1] 王新 王继承 曹志华[1] 孙慧 MIAO Tingting;WU Zhongneng;LIU Junlong;WANG Xin;WANG Jicheng;CAO Zhihua;SUN Hui(Anhui Academy of Forestry,Hefei 230088,Anhui,China;Sanjie State-owned Forest Farm of Chuzhou City,Chuzhou 239000,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省林业科学研究院,安徽合肥230088 [2]滁州市三界国有林场,安徽滁州239000

出　　处：《安徽林业科技》2025年第1期14-22,34,共10页Anhui Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：为探究材用薄壳山核桃在自然干旱胁迫下的生理响应及抗旱能力,本文以8个6年生材用薄壳山核桃品种(系)为试验材料,研究自然干旱胁迫对薄壳山核桃的生长、叶片解剖结构、叶绿素含量及叶绿素荧光参数等指标的影响,并运用主成分分析法对其抗旱性进行综合评价。结果表明:从多年平均生长量来看,黄薄1号、利辛1号和绍兴1号总体表现良好。8个薄壳山核桃品种(系)的主脉厚度为793.46~1149.42μm,存在显著差异,其中黄薄1号的主脉最厚。黄薄5号和黄薄6号的总叶绿素含量最高,各品种(系)间叶绿素a/b有极显著差异。叶绿素荧光参数间均呈显著差异,F_(v)/F_(m)在0.6965~0.7734,说明不同薄壳山核桃品种(系)对高温干旱胁迫环境的适应性差异显著。利用主成分分析法综合评价得出薄壳山核桃品种(系)抗旱性由强到弱排序为:黄薄5号>黄薄1号>绍兴1号>黄薄6号>利辛1号>黄薄2号>沙河7号>沙河15号。通过系统聚类分析可划分为4类,其中黄薄5号属高抗旱型,黄薄1号、绍兴1号属抗旱型,黄薄6号、利辛1号和黄薄2号属中抗旱型,沙河7号、沙河15号属低抗旱型。本研究结果为筛选材用抗旱薄壳山核桃种质资源奠定理论基础。In this paper,in order to explore the physiological response and drought resistance of Carya illinoensis to natural drought stress,eight 6-year-old wood-purpose Carya illinoensis cultivars(lines)were used as experimental materials to study the effects of natural drought stress on the indexes including growth,leaf anatomical structure,chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of C.illinoensis,and its drought resistance was comprehensively evaluated with principal component analysis.The results showed that Huangbo No.1,Lixin No.1 and Shaoxing No.1 had good performance from the perspective of annual average growth over years.The main vein thickness of 8 C.illinoensis cultivars(lines)ranged from 793.46 to 1149.42μm with significant differences,among which the main vein of Huangbo No.1 was the thickest.The total chlorophyll content of Huangbo No.5 and Huangbo No.6 was the highest,and there was an extreme significant difference in chlorophyll a/b among the cultivars(lines).The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were significantly different,with F_(v)/F_(m) ranging from 0.6965 to 0.7734,indicating that the adaptability of different C.illinoensis cultivars(lines)to high temperature and drought stress environment was significantly different.Comprehensive analysis using principal component analysis method showed that the drought resistance of C.illinoensis cultivars(lines)ranked from strong to weak as follows:Huangbo No.5>Huangbo No.1>Shaoxing No.1>Huangbo No.6>Lixin No.1>Huangbo No.2>Shahe No.7>Shahe No.15.They could be divided into 4 types by hierarchical cluster analysis,among which Huangbo No.5 was highly drought-resistant,Huangbo No.1 and Shaoxing No.1 were drought-resistant,Huangbo No.6,Lixin No.1 and Huangbo No.2 were medium drought-resistant,and Shahe No.7 and Shahe No.15 were low drought-resistant.The study results could lay a theoretical foundation for screening drought-resistant germplasm resources of wood-purpose C.illinoensis.

关 键 词：薄壳山核桃 自然干旱胁迫 生理响应 叶片解剖结构 主成分分析法 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]